Figure 4.

Halodule uninervis ethanolic extract induces G₀/G₁ cell cycle arrest in MDA-MB-231 cells. (A) MDA-MB-231 cells were incubated either with a vehicle-containing control or 100 μg/mL of HUE for 24 h. Cells were then collected, fixed, stained with 4′, 6-diamino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and analyzed via flow cytometry. Data represent the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments (n = 3). (B) Cells were treated either with a vehicle-containing control or with HUE (100 or 200 μg/mL). Protein levels of phosphorylated p38, p21, and phosphorylated p53 were determined via Western blotting. β-actin was used as a loading control. Data represent the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments (n = 3). (* denotes p < 0.05, and ** p < 0.005).