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Membrane permeabilization of Gram-positive bacteria induced by melittin and Mel-LX3. (a) Membrane depolarization of S. aureus. Cytoplasmic membrane depolarization was measured using the fluorescent intensity of the membrane potential-sensitive dye DiSC3-5 when treated with melittin and Mel-LX3 at 2 × MIC. (b) SYTOX green entry due to membrane alterations. Increased fluorescence when treading the peptides at 2 × MIC indicates the entry of the SYTOX green probe into S. aureus cells.
