Table 2.
The prevalence and density of microbes present in the nasopharyngeal swabs of HIV-infected children with and without HCLD
| Microorganism | Microbial prevalence | Microbial density (GE/ml) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HCLD + group (n = 287) |
HCLD- group (n = 58) |
pa | HCLD + group (Median) |
HCLD- group (Median) |
pb | |
| Bacterial species | ||||||
| Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) | 40% (116) | 21% (12) | 0.005 | 6 × 104 | 1 × 104 | 0.259 |
| Staphylococcus aureus (SA) | 6% (17) | 5% (3) | 0.999 | 3 × 102 | 2 × 102 | 0.773 |
| Moraxella catarrhalis (MC) | 26% (75) | 16% (9) | 0.095 | 1 × 104 | 1 × 103 | 0.031 |
| Haemophilus influenzae (HI) | 43% (124) | 33% (19) | 0.147 | 2 × 104 | 3 × 102 | 0.006 |
| Haemophilus influenzae type B | 0% (0) | 2% (1) | 0.999 | - | *1 × 103 | - |
| Streptococcus oralis | 3% (8) | 2% (1) | 0.999 | 8 × 102 | *2 × 103 | 0.699 |
| Neisseria lactamica | 2% (6) | 0% (0) | 0.595 | 2 × 103 | - | - |
| Streptococcus pyogenes | 2% (5) | 0% (0) | 0.594 | 3 × 106 | - | - |
| Virus | ||||||
| Respiratory syncytial virus A | 0.4% (1) | 0% (0) | 0.999 | * 3 × 102 | - | - |
| Respiratory syncytial virus B | 0.4% (1) | 0% (0) | 0.999 | * 62 | - | - |
| Human rhinovirus | 7% (21) | 0% (0) | 0.032 | 1 × 104 | - | - |
CLD Chronic lung disease, GE Genomic Equivalents
aFisher's exact test; did not adjust for multiple testing
b Mann‒Whitney U test
*Actual microbial density obtained from one participant