Table 2.
Model-concordant versus model-discordant care
| Variable | Model concordant N=312 495 (85.5) |
Model discordant N=52 975 (14.5) |
Std diff |
| Age, years (median (IQR)) | 77 (71–84) | 77 (71–84) | −0.048 |
| Female | 177 817 (56.9) | 29 270 (55.3) | 0.034 |
| Shock | 6584 (2.1) | 1516 (2.9) | 0.049 |
| EGS disease type | 1.094 | ||
| Appendicitis | 6190 (2.0) | 18.4 (2.6) | |
| Diverticulitis | 135 753 (43.4) | 6567 (12.4) | |
| Cholecystitis | 31 535 (10.1) | 16 941 (32.0) | |
| Peptic ulcer | 63 302 (20.3) | 2886 (5.5) | |
| Hernia | 10 629 (3.4) | 4710 (8.9) | |
| Bowel obstruction | 55 482 (17.8) | 14 999 (28.3) | |
| Ischemic bowel | 5575 (1.8) | 3246 (6.1) | |
| Perforated viscus | 4073 (1.3) | 2232 (4.2) | |
| Frailty quintile | 0.075 | ||
| 1 (least frail) | 51 913 (16.6) | 9360 (17.7) | |
| 2 | 59 723 (19.1) | 10 705 (20.2) | |
| 3 | 62 681 (20.1) | 10 989 (20.7) | |
| 4 | 54 028 (17.3) | 9348 (17.7) | |
| 5 (most frail) | 84 193 (26.9) | 12 573 (23.7) | |
| Elixhauser score (median (IQR)) | 4 (2–6) | 4 (3–6) | 0.025 |
| Race | 0.038 | ||
| White | 227 947 (75.7) | 40 454 (76.4) | |
| Black | 32 721 (10.9) | 5205 (9.8) | |
| Hispanic | 25 023 (8.3) | 4363 (8.2) | |
| Asian/PI | 7927 (2.6) | 1511 (2.9) | |
| Native American | 995 (0.3) | 213 (0.4) | |
| Other | 6721 (2.2) | 1229 (2.3) | |
| Hospital region | 0.043 | ||
| Northeast | 61 485 (19.7) | 10 901 (20.6) | |
| Midwest | 70 329 (22.5) | 11 057 (20.9) | |
| South | 119 188 (38.1) | 20 257 (38.2) | |
| West | 61 537 (19.7) | 10 760 (20.3) | |
| Location/teaching | 0.032 | ||
| Rural | 30 868 (9.9) | 4883 (9.2) | |
| Urban non-teaching | 88 840 (28.4) | 14 638 (27.6) | |
| Urban teaching | 192 831 (61.7) | 33 454 (63.2) | |
| In-hospital mortality | 10 399 (3.3) | 4159 (7.9) | 0.198 |
N (%) unless specified as median (IQR).
EGS, emergency general surgery; PI, Pacific Islander.