Table 6.

Main associated fungi producers of AFs and OTA, the frequently contaminated foods, and primordial toxic effects.

Mycotoxins	Main Producers	Food	Toxicity	Reference
Aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2	Aspergillus flavus A. parasiticus A. nomius	Maize, peanuts, wheat, cottonseed, nuts, rice, dry fruits, and spices.	Carcinogenicity Genotoxicity Hepatotoxicity Immunotoxicity Teratogenicity	[166]
Ochratoxin A	Penicillium verrucosum A. ochraceus A. carbonarius	Cereals, cocoa, coffee beans, wine, grape juice, beer, spices, cured meat products.	Hepatotoxicity Immunotoxicity Nephrotoxicity Teratogenicity	[167]