Table 5.
Differential diagnosis of NL and PE.
| Biomarker | Lupus Nephirtis | Preeclampsia |
|---|---|---|
| Blood pressure | Normal or ↑ | ↑↑ |
| Onset | At any time | >20th GW |
| Renal biopsy | May show signs of active nephritis | - |
| Serologic markers | ↑ Anti-dsDNA antibodies ↓ Complement levels Normal uric acid Normal or ↓ PLTs |
Not specific, may include ↑ Liver enzymes ↑ Uric acid ↓ PLTs |
| Urine analysis | Proteinuria ↑ Active sediment |
Proteinuria ↑↑↑ Not active sediment |
| SLE or renal symptoms | Could be present and increasing | Stable |
| Angiogenic factors | ↓ (e.g., angiopoietin-2) | ↑ (e.g., soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1) |
| Anti-angiogenic factors | ↑ (e.g., soluble endoglin) | - |
Legend: ↑: increase; ↓: reduction, GW: gestational week; PLTs: platelets.