Table 2.

Statistics of comparisons between groups defined by the presence/absence of objective binge-eating episodes or purging behaviors.

Variables		Objective Binge-Eating Episodes (Yes vs. No)			Purging Behaviors (Yes vs. No)
		t or χ2	p	q-FDR	t or χ2	p	q-FDR
Age		0.095	<0.001	0.004	2.165	0.099	0.040
Gender	Male	1.893	0.169	0.043	0.397	0.529	0.061
	Female
Education (years)		0.285	0.360	0.054	1.216	0.228	0.052
Work	Unemployed	1.328	0.580	0.074	7.072	0.029	0.016
	Student
	Employed
Marital Status Missing n = 4	Single/separated	0.038	0.846	0.093	0.201	0.654	0.072
	Married
Smoke Missing n = 3	No	0.051	0.822	0.090	0.432	0.511	0.058
	Yes
Number of cigarettes/day Missing n = 3		0.046	0.873	0.088	1.061	0.030	0.032
Dietary habits Missing n = 4	Omnivorous	6.574	0.087	0.032	2.820	0.420	0.051
	Vegetarian
	Hyperproteic
Age at onset		1.151	0.808	0.085	2.721	0.015	0.024
Diagnosis	AN	26.693	<0.001	0.002	10.186	0.017	0.015
	BN
	BED
	OSFED
Duration of illness (months)		2.162	0.019	0.031	0.842	0.273	0.056
DUI (months)		0.823	0.114	0.038	1.672	0.019	0.028
BMI		4.422	0.245	0.046	2.173	<0.001	0.004
Family history of mental disorders Missing n = 2	No	0.993	0.319	0.061	0.214	0.644	0.070
	Yes
Type of family history Missing n = 2	None	5.619	0.229	0.052	4.016	0.404	0.048
	Major depression
	Anxiety disorders
	SUD
	EDs
Obstetrical complications	None	3.715	0.294	0.058	4.003	0.261	0.032
	Low weight (<2500 g)
	Premature (<32 weeks)
	Cord hypoxia
Lifetime substance use disorders Missing n = 1	No	1.389	0.239	0.053	1.745	0.187	0.028
	Yes
Main type of substance use disorder Missing n = 1	None	6.597	0.159	0.040	4.950	0.292	0.037
	Cannabinoids
	Opioids
	Cocaine
	Alcohol
Poly-substance use disorders Missing n = 1	No	3.704	0.054	0.026	0.003	0.954	0.094
	Yes
Psychiatric comorbidity Missing n = 2	No	5.628	0.018	0.012	0.783	0.376	0.045
	Yes
Type of psychiatric comorbidity Missing n = 2	None	11.642	0.009	0.007	3.035	0.386	0.046
	Major depression
	Anxiety disorders
	OCD
Multiple psychiatric comorbidity Missing n = 2	No	-	-	-	-	-	-
Lifetime psychotic symptoms Missing n = 1	No	-	-	-	-	-	-
Personality disorder Missing n = 6	No	6.016	0.014	0.010	0.621	0.431	0.053
	Yes
Type of personality disorder Missing n = 6	None	11.042	0.026	0.018	5.108	0.276	0.035
	Schizotypic
	Borderline
	Hystrionic
	Obsessive–compulsive
Lifetime suicide attempts	No	-	-	-	-	-	-
Lifetime hospitalizations Missing n = 4	No	0.330	0.566	0.075	1.084	0.298	0.039
	Yes
Number of hospitalizations		1.301	0.012	0.023	0.536	0.385	0.060
Current pharmacological treatment	No	2.350	0.125	0.037	0.047	0.828	0.084
	Yes
Main current pharmacological treatment Missing n = 1	None	7.804	0.453	0.068	5.623	0.689	0.075
	Sertraline
	Escitalopram
	Vortioxetine
	Olanzapine
	Benzodiazepines
	Pregabalin
	Fluoxetine
	Melatonine
Current poly-therapy Missing n = 1	No	2.568	0.109	0.034	0.321	0.571	0.064
	Yes
Current psychotherapy Missing n = 1	No	0.496	0.481	0.069	0.024	0.877	0.089
	Yes
Pharmacotherapy prescription	No	7.864	0.005	0.005	0.158	0.691	0.076
	Yes
Type of pharmacotherapy prescription Missing n = 2	None	12.704	0.048	0.024	3.474	0.747	0.080
	Sertraline
	Escitalopram
	Vortioxetine
	Zolpidem
	Benzodiazepine
	Pregabalin
Duration of the last pharmacological treatment (months)		3.189	<0.001	0.011	0.311	0.489	0.076
Medical comorbidity Missing n = 3	No	1.002	0.317	0.061	0.674	0.412	0.050
	Yes
Thyroid disorders Missing n = 3	No	1.559	0.212	0.047	1.110	0.292	0.036
	Yes
Hypercholesterolemia Missing n = 2	No	1.758	0.185	0.045	1.063	0.302	0.040
	Yes
Diabetes Missing n = 1	No	-	-	-	-	-	-
Multiple medical comorbidities Missing n = 1	No	1.277	0.258	0.057	1.923	0.166	0.024
	Yes
Amenorrhea Missing n = 3	No	5.032	0.081	0.030	7.821	0.020	0.015
	Yes
	Estroprogestinic therapy
Self-induced vomiting	No	4.703	0.030	0.019	20.433	<0.001	0.003
	Yes
Number of episodes of self-induced vomiting acts in the last month		2.675	<0.001	0.015	2.380	<0.001	0.012
Laxative misuse	No	0.242	0.623	0.078	10.508	0.001	0.009
	Yes
Number of episodes of laxative use in the last month		0.346	0.612	0.065	2.014	<0.001	0.016
Diuretic misuse	No	0.145	0.704	0.084	2.002	0.157	0.023
	Yes
Number of episodes of diuretic use in the last month		0.424	0.398	0.058	1.414	0.003	0.020
Compulsive exercise	No	0.011	0.917	0.097	16.776	<0.001	0.006
	Yes
Number of episodes of compulsive exercises in the last month		1.212	0.004	0.019	4.084	<0.001	0.008
Number of objective binge-eating episodes in the last month		5.895	<0.001	0.008	0.700	0.180	0.044
Number of subjective binge-eating episodes in the last month		1.296	0.012	0.027	0.470	0.216	0.048
Number of objective overeatings in the last month		1.162	0.026	0.035	0.435	0.395	0.068
Dietary restraint (EDE subscale)		0.400	0.777	0.081	0.443	0.558	0.080
Eating concern (EDE subscale)		1.360	0.651	0.069	0.475	0.453	0.072
Body shape concern (EDE subscale)		2.146	0.774	0.077	0.013	0.874	0.100
Weight concern (EDE subscale)		2.297	0.149	0.042	0.397	0.799	0.092
EDE global score		1.295	0.533	0.061	0.189	0.662	0.084
HAM-D		1.449	0.302	0.050	0.502	0.870	0.096
HAM-A		2.122	0.966	0.100	0.201	0.754	0.088
MADRS		1.125	0.754	0.073	0.491	0.385	0.064
CGI-S		0.261	0.923	0.096	1.531	0.037	0.036

Legend: AN = anorexia nervosa; BED = binge-eating disorder; BMI = body mass index; BN = bulimia nervosa; CGI-S = Clinical Global Impression-severity subscale; χ² = chi-square; DUI = duration of untreated illness; ED = eating disorder; EDE = Eating Disorder Examination; HAM-A = Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale; HAM-D = Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; MADRS = Montgomery and Åsberg Depression Rating Scale; OCD = obsessive–compulsive disorder; OSFED = otherwise specified feeding and eating disorders; p = p-value; SUD = substance use disorder; t = Student’s t-test. In bold, statistically significant p-value (≤0.05). For the total, sample mean and ±standard deviations (into bracket) are reported for continuous variables and frequencies with percentages (into brackets) for qualitative variables. We have reported in bold statistically significant p and q-FDR values resulting from multiple comparison methods based on Benjamini–Hochberg False Discovery Rate.