Table 3.
Applied treatment and necessary procedures in the study and control groups after C2HEST risk stratification.
| Variables, Units | All Pts | Low Risk [0–1] | Medium [2–3] | High Risk [≥4] | p-Value | Post Hoc Analysis for Significant p | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No COPD | COPD n = 75 |
No COPD | COPD n = 6 |
No COPD | COPD n = 25 |
No COPD | COPD n = 44 |
No COPD | COPD | No COPD | COPD | |
| Treatment and procedures administered | ||||||||||||
| The highest level of respiratory assistance provided throughout the hospital stay | ||||||||||||
| No oxygen N, n (%) | 1014 (48.1) | 19 (25.3) | 739 (52.3) | 3 (50.0) |
196 (42.0) | 6 (24.0) | 79 (34.3) | 10 (22.7) | <0.0001 | 0.32 | <0.0001 a 0.0008 b 0.53 c |
|
| Low flow oxygen support N, n (%) | 724 (34.3) | 39 (52.0) | 448 (31.8) | 3 (50.0) |
178 (38.2) | 10 (40.0) | 98 (42.6) | 26 (59.1) | ||||
| High-flow nasal cannula, Non-invasive ventilation N, n (%) |
161 (7.6) | 13 (15.0) | 82 (5.8) | 0 (0.0) |
47 (11.8) | 5 (20.0) | 32 (13.9) | 7 (15.9) | ||||
| Invasive ventilation N, n (%) | 207 (9.8) | 5 (6.7) | 141 (10.0) | 0 (0.0) | 45 (9.7) | 4 (16.0) | 21 (9.1) | 1 (2.3) | ||||
| Oxygenation parameters from the period of qualification for advanced respiratory support: PaO2, mmHg Mean ± SD (min.–max.) |
68.07 ± 25.32 (29–168) N = 150 |
104 ± 22.6 (74–125) n = 23 |
66.1 ± 25.1 (34–168) |
N/A | 69.7 ± 24.9 (29–130) |
105.3 ± 827.4 (74–125) n = 11 |
76.5 ± 25.5 (38–137) |
100 | 0.26 | N/A | ||
| Therapy with catecholamines, N, n (%) |
207 (9.8) | 11 (14.7) | 131 (9.3) | 0 (0.0) | 41 (8.8) | 4 (16.0) | 35 (15.2) | 7 (15.9) | 0.014 | 0.78 | 1 a 0.024 b 0.045 c |
|
| Coronary revascularization or/and an indication for coronary revascularization, N, n (%) | 22 (1.0) | 4 (5.3) | 8 (0.6) | 0 (0.0) | 8 (1.7) | 3 (12.0) | 6 (2.6) | 2 (4.5) | 0.006 | 0.27 | 0.048 a 0.0499 b 1 c |
|
| Hemodialysis, N, n (%) | 70 (3.3) | 2 (2.7) | 47 (3.3) | 0 (0.0) | 12 (2.6) | 1 (4.0) | 11 (4.8) | 1 (2.3) | 0.31 | 0.99 | ||
| Systemic corticosteroids N, n (%) | 1047 (49.6) | 49 (65.3) | 704 (49.9) | 4 (66.7) | 229 (49.0) | 17 (68.0) | 114 (49.6) | 28 (63.6) | 0.95 | 0.93 | ||
| Plasma of the recovered, N, n (%) | 231 (11.0) | 8 (10.7) | 166 (11.8) | 1 (16.7) | 37 (7.9) | 4 (16.0) | 28 (12.2) | 3 (6.8) | 0.058 | 0.33 | ||
| Remdesivir, N, n (%) | 327 (15.5) | 16 (21.3) | 235 (16.6) | 1 (16.7) | 65 (13.9) | 7 (28.0) | 27 (11.7) | 8 (18.2) | 0.09 | 0.68 | ||
| Antibiotics, N, n (%) | 1183 (56.1) | 58 (77.3) | 743 (52.6) | 4 (66.7) | 284 (60.8) | 19 (76.0) | 156 (67.8) | 35 (79.5) | <0.0001 | 0.69 | 0.007 a <0.0001 b 0.26 c |
|
Presentation of variables: continuous mean ± standard deviation, results distribution (min.–max.), and the number of present values; the values are presented as numbers with a percentage. Information regarding the numbers showing the correct values can be found in the left column. List of used abbreviations: valid measurements—N; the number of patients with a parameter above the cut-off point—n; standard deviation—SD; body mass index—BMI; transient ischemic attack—TIA; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease—COPD; non-applicable—N/A; low- vs. medium-risk stratum—a; low- vs. high-risk stratum—b; and medium- vs. high-risk stratum—c.