AHD	Advanced HIV Disease
BCG	Bacille Calmette–Guérin Vaccine
CAD	Computer-aided Detection
CFS	Child-friendly Specimen
CLHIV	Children Living with HIV
CRP	C-reactive Protein
CSF	Cerebrospinal Fluid
CT	Computed Tomography
CXR	Chest X-Ray
DS TB	Drug-susceptible TB
DR TB	Drug-resistant TB
EP TB	Extrapulmonary TB
FDC	Fixed-dose Combination
GA	Gastric Aspirate
HCW	Health Care Worker
IGRA	Interferon Gamma Release Assay
IPC	Infection Prevention and Control
LF-LAM	Lateral Flow Urine Lipoarabinomannan Assay
MRI	Magnetic Resonance Imaging
mWRD	Molecular WHO-recommended Rapid Diagnostic Tests
NPA	Nasopharyngeal Aspirate
NTM	Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria
PEPFAR	President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief
PET	Positron Emission Tomography
PLHIV	People Living with HIV
POC	Point-of-Care
PTB	Pulmonary TB
RR TB	Rifampicin-resistant TB
SAM	Severe Acute Malnutrition
SOS	Simple One-Step Method (stool processing)
TBI	TB Infection
TB-LAMP	TB Loop-mediated Amplification
TBM	TB Meningitis
TPT	TB Preventive Treatment
TST	Tuberculin Skin Test
US	Ultrasound
XDR TB	Extensively Drug-resistant TB
Xpert	Xpert MTB/RIF cartridge
Xpert Ultra	Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra cartridge
Medications and Regimens
ART	Antiretroviral Therapy
E	Ethambutol
Eto	Ethionamide
H	Isoniazid
M	Moxifloxacin
P	Rifapentine
R	Rifampicin
Z	Pyrazinamide
1HP	Prevention regimen: 1 month daily isoniazid and rifapentine
3HP	Prevention regimen: 3 months weekly isoniazid and rifapentine
3HR	Prevention regimen: 3 months daily isoniazid and rifampicin
4R	Prevention regimen: 4 months daily rifampicin