AKT	Protein kinase B
AMPK	AMP-activated protein kinase
FOXO1	Forkhead box O1
G6pase	Glucose-6-phosphatase
GLUT2	Glucose transporter 2
GLUT4	Glucose transporter 4
GS	Glycogen synthase
GSK3β	Glycogen synthase kinase
GSH-Px	Glutathione peroxidase
HK	Hexokinase
IR	Insulin resistance
IRS-1	Insulin receptor substrate-1
MDA	Malondialdehyde
Met	Metformin
NF-κB	Nuclear factor-kappa B
NOX4	NADPH oxidase 4
NTs	Nucleotides
PEPCK	Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
PI3K	Phosphatidylinositol 3-hydroxy kinase
SOD	Superoxide dismutase