Table 1.
The morphological properties of species of the genus Hyssopus growing in Kazakhstan.
| Indicators | H. cuspidatus | H. ambiguus | H. macranthus | H. seravschanicus | H. latilabiatus | H. officinalis | H. subulifolius |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Life form | Subshrub | Subshrub | Subshrub | Subshrub | Subshrub | Subshrub | Subshrub |
| Leaves | Narrowly linear, with non-folding edges, with an awl-shaped tip at the apex | Glabrous, entire, narrowly linear, with edges turning downwards, with a vein protruding from the underside | Sessile, lily, pointed, narrowed at the base, twisting | Leaves linear, almost glabrous, with sparse short hairs, sharp, with curled edges | Leaves sessile, linear, glandular, base wedge-shaped, edges curving inward | Leaves are lanceolate, short-petiolate, short-hairy | Leaves are small, needle-shaped, short-petiolate, glabrous |
| Inflorescence | Multi-flowered, thin, tapering towards the apex | Multi-flowered, unbranched, dense | Thin, multi-flowered, tapering towards the apex | Long, narrow, consists of loose whorls | Short, apical, spicate, few flowers | Long, spicate, flowers sit in the axils of the upper leaves | Long, spicate, covered with small white hairs |
| Calyx | Regular, with 5 awl-shaped pointed teeth | 4–6 mm long, with five almost identical teeth, equal to one-third of the total length of the calyx | 4–6 mm long, covered with short hairs along the veins and along the edge of triangular, sharp teeth | 5–6 mm long, with triangular sharp teeth, two times shorter than the tube, painted blue | Tubular-bell-shaped, 5–6 mm long, purple, with five teeth, pubescent, glandular at the apex | 5–6 mm long, with five teeth, increased to one-third of the total length of calyx, with short hairs along veins, purple color | 6–8 mm long, purple, with five triangular teeth, pubescent with hairs along the veins |
| Corolla | Blue, up to 12 mm long, with a short tube, two-lipped, upper lip two-lobed, shorter than the lower, lower three-lobed, with a large middle lobe | Bluish–blue, 0.8–1 cm long, two-lipped, the upper lip is flat, bilobed, the lower lip is three-lobed with a large middle lobe | 10–15 mm long, blue–violet, short-pubescent on the outside, two-lipped, upper lip slightly notched, smaller than the lower, three-lobed. On the lower lip, the middle lobe is two times wider than the lateral ones | Blue–violet, about 1 cm long, with a narrow tube, about 5 mm, the upper lip is ovoid, equal to the lower, the middle large lobe is strongly prominent on the lower lip | Purple, 12–13 mm long, pubescent, glandular; the upper lip is straight, oblong; lower lip is broadened; middle lobe up to 1 mm, considerably wider than lateral lobes; lateral lobes are ovate | Purple, 10–15 mm long, two-lipped, upper lip with notch, shorter than lower lip. The lower lip with well-defined, downwardly bent middle lobe | White, two-lipped, 12–16 mm long, the upper lip with notch, short; the lower lip is three-lobed, large; middle lobe is round |
| Habitat | Grows in feather-fescue sepia, on rocky mountain slopes and on pebbles | Grows on crushed and rocky mountain slopes, on pebbles | Grows on saline flood meadows, rocky and gravelly slopes of hills and hills, on pebbles and coarse sandy soils | Grows on rocky and gravelly slopes and trails of mountains, on steppe areas | Grows on dry and rocky slopes, on stony screes | Grows in steppes, on dry hills, rocky slopes of hillsides | Grows on dry and stony soils, in dry forests and shrub thickets |
| Distribution in the Republic of Kazakhstan | Altai, Tarbagatai, Dzungarian Alatau | Irtysh, Eastern Small Hills, Karkaralinsky, Altai, Tarbagatai, Dzhungar Alatau | Irtysh, Western and Eastern small hills, Karkaraly, Zaisan, Bal-khash-Alakol, Altai, Tarbagatai | Kyrgyz Alatau, Western Tien Shan | Absent | Absent | Absent |
| General distribution * | Altai, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China (Xinjiang) | Altai, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, West Siberia | Endemic of Kazakhstan | Afghanistan, Kirgizstan, Pakistan, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan | Endemic of China (Xinjiang) | South and central Europe, South Siberia, Mediterranean region, North Caucasus, Turkey, North Africa (Morocco) | Endemic of Afghanistan |
* Distribution of natural Hyssopus species in the world (according to POWO [3]). Based on international theories, the following four species of this genus grow in Kazakhstan: H. cuspidatus, H. ambiguus, H. macranthus and H. seravschanicus. All species in terms of life forms are subshrubs, with simple sessile leaves and multi-flowered inflorescences.