| Al-HNT | Alkali-modified halloysite nanotubes |
| APTES | (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane |
| DES | Deep eutectic solvent |
| ESO | Epoxidized soybean oil |
| ESOR | Epoxidized soybean oil resin |
| FT-IR | Fourier transform infrared |
| HNTs | Halloysite nanotubes |
| HNT@NH2 | (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane-modified halloysite nanotubes |
| PLA | Polylactic acid |
| PVC | Polyvinyl chloride |
| SO | Soybean oil |
| WA | Water absorption |