Table 4.

Data extracted from the reviewed studies including ultrasound.

Study	Obtained Parameter	Sensor Position	Test Activity	Subject Characteristics
				Group	Number	Mean Age (Years)
Ultrasound
Speksnijder et al., 2012 [109]	Levator ani hiatus during maximal contraction	Transabdominal	MVC; supine	Symptomatic Women	100	57
Thompson et al., 2005 [110]	PFM contraction	Transabdominal transperineal	MVC, Valsalva; supine	Women Group 1: INC Group 2: CG	Group 1: 60 Group 2: 60	43 ± 7
Dietz et al., 2001 [111]	Bladder neck displacement	Translabial	Rest, MVC; supine	Women Group 1: INC Group 2: CG	212	53.8
Yoshida et al., 2017 [112]	Bladder base displacement; PF morphology	Transabdominal	MVC; supine	Women Group 1: INC Group 2: CG	Group 1: 22 Group 2: 51	Group 1: 33.2 ± 4.7 Group 2: 32.2 ± 4.2
Thompson and O’Sullivan, 2003 [113]	Bladder and levator Plate displacement	Transabdominal	MVC; supine	Patients with INC and/or POP	104	45.03 ± 13.1
Lovegrove Jones et al., 2010 [114]	Kinematics of urethra and pubic symphysis; anorectal angle	Perineal	Coughing; supine	Women Group 1: INC Group 2: CG	Group 1: 9 Group 2: 23	Group 1: 47.9 ± 13.2 Group 2: 41.1 ± 13.6
Kruger et al., 2007 [115]	Pelvic organ displacement; levator hiatus	Translabial	Rest, MVC, Valsalva; supine	Women: Group 1: HIFIT athletes Group 2: CG	Group 1: 24 Group 2: 22	Group 1: 28.5 Group 2: 27.6
McLean et al., 2013 [116]	Urethral morphology and mobility	Transperineal	Coughing, Valsalva; supine	Women, INC Group 1: PFMT Group 2: CG	Group 1: 15 Group 2: 17	Group 1: 49.5 ± 8.2 Group 2: 54.0 ± 8.4
Oleksy et al., 2019 [117]	PFM asymmetry	Transabdominal	Rest, MVC	Healthy, nulliparous women	30	- (young)
Dietz et al., 2001 [118]	Position of the bladder neck, leading edge of a cystocele, the cervix, cul-de-sac, and rectum	Translabial	Coughing, MVC; supine	-	145	-