Table 6.
Data extracted from the reviewed studies including MRI.
| Study | Obtained Parameter | Sensor Position |
Test Activity | Subject Characteristics | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group | Number | Mean Age (Years) | ||||
| MRI | ||||||
| DeLancey, 2003 [126] | Levator ani muscle | - | - | Women: Group 1: NP Group 2: primiparas and CON Group 3: primiparas and INC |
Group 1: 80 Group 2: 80 Group 3: 80 |
Group 1: 29.2 ± 5.5 Group 2: 29.8 ± 4.4 Group 3: 30.0 ± 5.7 |
| Dynamic MRI | ||||||
| El-Gharib, 2013 [127] | pubococcygeal line | - | Supine position | Patients having clinical manifestations suggesting pelvic floor weakness | 60 | 38 ± 4.2 |
| Bø et al., 2001 [128] | Movement of bladder neck and coccyx movement | - | PFM function during contraction and straining in an upright sitting position | Women; Group 1: CON Group 2: INC |
Group 1: 9 Group 2: 7 |
Group 1: 39.4 ± 3.9 Group 2: 52.4 ± 8.3 |
| Grassi et al., 2007 [129] | Coccyx movement | - | Defecation act in supine position: rest, contraction, straining and evacuation | Women; Men; Patients with clinical indication for dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) defecography |
Women: 95 Men: 17 |
Women: 58.0 (25–84) Men: 67.0 (33–75) |
| Fujisaki et al., 2018 [130] | Coccyx movement | - | PFM contraction and strain | Women; Group 1: INC Group 2: CG |
Group 1: 57 Group 2: 6 |
median: 50 (30–81) |
| Talasz et al., 2011 [131] | Cranio-caudal movement of diaphragm and PF | - | Breathing, coughing in supine position | Healthy volunteers | 8 | 25 ± 6 (19–33) |