Figure 6.

Administration of cholestenoic acid (CA) improves liver function and decreases lipid accumulation in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) mouse model. C57BL/6J female mice were fed a Western diet (TD.88137, Envigo) along with high glucose/fructose water (WDSW) containing 23.1 g/L fructose and 18.9 g/L glucose for 12 wk and followed with 10 mg/kg CA treatment for 3 wk (one dose every other day). A: serum was collected and the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALK) were determined by a clinical laboratory. Control represents mice treated with vehicle DMSO injection only. B: morphological study of liver tissues treated with vehicle and CA: gross appearance of the livers (left); Liver histology at ×100 magnification of the boxed areas (scale bar, 100 µm) (middle); at ×400 magnification of the boxed areas (scale bar, 20 µm) (right). C: effects of CA on the lipid metabolism, the total cholesterol levels (left), the cholesterol ester levels (middle), and the mRNA levels of key genes involved in lipid metabolism and inflammatory response in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) mouse model (right).