Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants categorized by the TyG index.
| Parameters | Tertile 1 (n=311) | Tertile 2 (n=311) | Tertile 3 (n=311) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 63.38 ± 12.66 | 60.52 ± 11.48 | 56.01 ± 13.24 | <0.001 |
| Female, n (%) | 132 (42.44) | 129 (41.48) | 123 (39.55) | 0.757 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 176 (56.59) | 176 (56.59) | 16 2(52.09) | 0.428 |
| ACEI/ARB use, n (%) | 74 (23.79) | 75 (24.12) | 77 (24.76) | 0.96 |
| Diabetic duration (year) | 10 (3, 15) | 8 (3, 14) | 7 (1, 12) | 0.004 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 137.67 ± 19.31 | 137.958(19.713) | 139.048(18.253) | 0.639 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 75.27 ± 10.91 | 79.24 ± 12.38 | 81.54 ± 11.64 | <0.001 |
| BMI | 23.96 ± 3.16 | 24.82 ± 3.13 | 25.87 ± 4.64 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.41 ± 1.74 | 8.11 ± 2.13 | 9.11 ± 2.20 | <0.001 |
| LDL-C (mmol/l) | 2.50 ± 0.81 | 2.86 ± 0.79 | 3.33 ± 0.92 | <0.001 |
| HDL-C (mmol/l) | 1.25 ± 0.34 | 1.12 ± 0.24 | 1.14 ± 0.42 | <0.001 |
| TG (mmol/l) | 0.94 ± 0.27 | 1.45 ± 0.38 | 2.97 ± 2.19 | <0.001 |
| FBG (mmol/l) | 5.85 ± 1.49 | 7.47 ± 2.15 | 9.81 ± 2.99 | <0.001 |
| TyG-BMI | 197.29 ± 34.00 | 222.48 ± 31.08 | 255.45 ± 49.04 | <0.001 |
| TyG index | 8.31 ± 0.31 | 8.99 ± 0.17 | 9.86 ± 0.52 | <0.001 |
| Serum creatinine (μmol/L) | 72 (63, 87) | 72 (64, 81) | 73 (62, 85) | 0.552 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 74.81 ± 2.12 | 77.10 ± 11.08 | 77.98 ± 14.48 | 0.006 |
| ACR (mg/g) | 9.51 (5.08, 35.67) | 12.88 (5.42, 39.69) | 15.43 (7.20, 65.29) | 0.002 |
| Insulin therapy, n (%) | 119 (38.26) | 105 (33.76) | 109 (35.04) | 0.483 |
| SGLT-2 inhibitors use, n (%) | 16 (5.14) | 18 (5.79) | 18 (5.79) | 0.922 |
| Lipid lowering agents | ||||
| User of Fibrate, n (%) | 10 (3.22) | 12 (3.86) | 13 (4.18) | 0.812 |
| User of Statin, n (%) | 63 (20.25) | 66 (21.22) | 73 (23.47) | 0.607 |
| DKD prevalence, n (%) | 92 (29.58) | 100 (32.15) | 116 (37.30) | 0.114 |
ACEI, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure; BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; FBG, fasting blood glucose; TyG, triglyceride glucose; TyG-BMI, triglyceride glucose index × body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ACR, albumin-to-creatinine ratio; DKD, diabetic kidney disease; SGLT-2, sodium-dependent glucose transporters 2.