Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics.
| Characteristic | Group | p-value for comparison^ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention (I) (n = 100) | Control 1 (C1) (n = 100) | Control 2 (C2) (n = 100) | I, C1, C2 (3 groups) | I, C1 + C2 (2 groups) | |
| Age, mean yrs. (SD) Range |
72.47 (5.64) 65–87 |
72.12 (6.25) 65–90 |
72.66 (5.98) 65–89 |
0.8193* | 0.9105* |
| Sex, % female | 58% | 57% | 67% | 0.2892# | 0.5321# |
| Ethnicity | 0.0276# | 0.1409# | |||
| White | 83% | 82% | 74% | ||
| Black | 16% | 10% | 22% | ||
| Other | 1% | 8% | 4% | ||
| Hypertension (%yes) | 71% | 73% | 81% | 0.2222# | 0.2616# |
| Hyperlipidemia (%yes) | 80% | 73% | 88% | 0.0278# | 1.0000# |
| Diabetes (%yes) | 25% | 31% | 45% | 0.0100# | 0.0277# |
| Heart disease (%yes) | 48% | 39% | 55% | 0.0832# | 0.9027# |
| Obesity (%yes) | 52% | 51% | 63% | 0.1656# | 0.4603# |
| At least 2 comorbidities above (%yes) | 85% | 77% | 90% | 0.0445# | 0.8676# |
| At least 3 comorbidities above (%yes) | 61% | 60% | 75% | 0.0465# | 0.3035# |
| Number of medications mean (SD) and range | 9.31(5.36) 0–29 |
9.86(6.47) 0–28 |
12.50(6.13) 3–34 |
0.0004* | 0.0083* |
| SAGE score mean (SD) and range | 17.8 (3.8) 2–22 |
Not measured | |||
^ Three-group comparison is for all three arms and two-group is for the intervention versus combined control arms; SD, Standard deviation; * Welch test; # Fisher exact test.