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Neutrophil function in Echinococcus granulosus infection. During the early stage of infection, neutrophils and macrophages migrate to the intestinal mucosa to combat invading oncospheres. In later stages, if hydatid cyst fluid leaks from a ruptured cyst, neutrophils are attracted to the area. However, antigen B inhibits neutrophil chemotaxis and neutrophil elastase, which helps protect protoscoleces, allowing them to develop into new cysts.
