Table 2.
Social and Behavioral Risk Factors of Study Participants by SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination Status.
| Controls: SARS-CoV-2 Negative (n = 926) | Cases: SARS-CoV-2 Positive (n = 645) | p-Value | Never Vaccinated for COVID-19 (n = 886) | Primary Series Vaccine (n = 412) | p-Value | Primary Series + ≥1 Booster (n = 273) | p-Value(vs. Never Vaccinated) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Any Children age < 18 at home, No. (%) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | ||||||
| None | 654 (70.6) | 408 (63.3) | 543 (61.3) | 315 (76.5) | 204 (74.7) | ||||
| ≥1 | 196 (21.2) | 208 (32.2) | 300 (33.9) | 67 (16.3) | 37 (13.6) | ||||
| Unknown | 76 (8.2) | 29 (4.5) | 43 (4.9) | 30 (7.3) | 32 (11.7) | ||||
| Children aged < 5 y at home, No. (%) | 0.0006 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | ||||||
| None | 763 (82.4) | 526 (81.6) | 707 (79.8) | 358 (86.9) | 224 (82.1) | ||||
| ≥1 | 87 (9.4) | 90 (14.0) | 136 (15.3) | 24 (5.8) | 17 (6.2) | ||||
| Unknown | 76 (8.2) | 29 (4.5) | 43 (4.9) | 30 (7.3) | 32 (11.7) | ||||
| Children aged 5–17 y at home, No. (%) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | ||||||
| None | 689 (74.4) | 451 (69.9) | 599 (67.6) | 328 (79.6) | 213 (78.0) | ||||
| ≥1 | 161 (17.4) | 165 (25.6) | 244 (27.5) | 54 (13.1) | 28 (10.3) | ||||
| Unknown | 76 (8.2) | 29 (4.5) | 43 (4.9) | 30 (7.3) | 32 (11.7) | ||||
| Adherence to Social Distancing, No. (%) | <0.0001 | 0.2269 | 0.0004 | ||||||
| Always | 518 (55.9) | 410 (63.6) | 515 (58.1) | 250 (60.7) | 163 (59.7) | ||||
| Usually | 139 (15.0) | 120 (18.6) | 155 (17.5) | 67 (16.3) | 37 (13.6) | ||||
| About half the time | 91 (9.8) | 45 (7.0) | 79 (8.9) | 33 (8.0) | 24 (8.8) | ||||
| Seldom/Never | 101 (10.9) | 41 (6.4) | 93 (10.5) | 32 (7.8) | 17 (6.2) | ||||
| Unknown | 77 (8.3) | 29 (4.5) | 44 (5.0) | 30 (7.3) | 32 (11.7) | ||||
| Adherence to Masking in Public (indoors), No. (%) | <0.0001 | 0.1192 | 0.0007 | ||||||
| Always | 516 (55.7) | 435 (67.4) | 533 (60.2) | 253 (61.4) | 165 (60.4) | ||||
| Usually | 123 (13.3) | 90 (14.0) | 131 (14.8) | 52 (12.6) | 30 (11.0) | ||||
| About half the time | 72 (7.8) | 42 (6.5) | 59 (6.7) | 35 (8.5) | 20 (7.3) | ||||
| Seldom/Never | 138 (14.9) | 49 (7.6) | 119 (13.4) | 42 (10.2) | 26 (9.5) | ||||
| Unknown | 77 (8.3) | 29 (4.5) | 44 (5.0) | 30 (7.3) | 32 (11.7) | ||||
| Adherence to Masking in Public (outdoors), No. (%) | <0.0001 | 0.4898 | 0.0002 | ||||||
| Always | 419 (45.2) | 365 (56.6) | 463 (52.3) | 201 (48.8) | 120 (44.0) | ||||
| Usually | 93 (10.0) | 82 (12.7) | 103 (11.6) | 49 (11.9) | 23 (8.4) | ||||
| About half the time | 80 (8.6) | 52 (8.1) | 69 (7.8) | 34 (8.3) | 29 (10.6) | ||||
| Seldom/Never | 257 (27.8) | 117 (18.1) | 207 (23.4) | 98 (23.8) | 69 (25.3) | ||||
| Unknown | 77 (8.3) | 29 (4.5) | 44 (5.0) | 30 (7.3) | 32 (11.7) | ||||
| Out-of-state travel in the past month, No. (%) | <0.0001 | 0.1954 | 0.0004 | ||||||
| None | 770 (83.2) | 504 (78.1) | 731 (82.5) | 337 (81.8) | 206 (75.5) | ||||
| Domestic/International | 79 (8.5) | 112 (17.4) | 111 (12.5) | 45 (10.9) | 35 (12.8) | ||||
| Unknown | 77 (8.3) | 29 (4.5) | 44 (5.0) | 30 (7.3) | 32 (11.7) | ||||
| Smoking, No. (%) | <0.0001 | 0.2785 | 0.0077 | ||||||
| No | 388 (41.9) | 383 (59.4) | 445 (50.2) | 200 (48.5) | 126 (46.2) | ||||
| Yes (any) | 455 (49.1) | 224 (34.7) | 387 (43.7) | 177 (43.0) | 115 (42.1) | ||||
| Unknown | 83 (9.0) | 38 (5.9) | 54 (6.1) | 35 (8.5) | 32 (11.7) | ||||
| Drink Alcohol, No. (%) | 0.0109 | 0.192 | <0.0001 | ||||||
| No | 543 (58.6) | 381 (59.1) | 519 (58.6) | 240 (58.3) | 165 (60.4) | ||||
| Yes | 307 (33.1) | 235 (36.4) | 324 (36.6) | 142 (34.5) | 76 (27.8) | ||||
| Unknown | 76 (8.2) | 29 (4.5) | 43 (4.9) | 30 (7.3) | 32 (11.7) | ||||