Table 2.
Antibacterial activities of baicalin or baicalein
| Bacteria | Compd. | Mechanism(s) | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Escherichia coli | Baicalin | ↓ AI-2 secretion, inhibiting the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and NF-κB activation | (Peng et al., 2019) |
| Baicalin | ↓ TNF-α, IL-1β, iNOS, IL-10, and IL-4 | (Miao et al., 2021) | |
| Staphylococcus aureus | Baicalin | ↓ Staphylococcus aureus counts | (Gao et al., 2017) |
| Baicalin | Inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus growth | (Zhang et al., 2020) | |
| Baicalin | ↓ TNF-α and IL-1β, iNOS, IL-10, and IL-4 | (Miao et al., 2021) | |
| Staphylococcus epidermidis | Baicalein | Antibacterial activity | (Palierse et al., 2021) |
| Helicobacter pylori | Baicalin | Inhibitory activity via targeting sulfhydryl groups around the active site of Helicobacter pylori | (Yu et al., 2015) |
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Baicalin | Inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway, and phosphorylation of Akt | (Zhang et al., 2017) |
| Chlamydia trachomatis | Baicalin | ↓ NO, PGE, and NF-κB p65 mRNA Downregulating the expression of TLR4 mRN and TLR2 mRNA |
(Hao et al., 2012) |