Table 4.

The activities of baicalein against Parkinson's disease in animal models.

Model	Mechanism	Dose	Ref.
MPTP 1 induced Parkinson’s disease-like pathology Male C57BL/6J mice	↓ IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, TNF-α, and iNOS ↓ Caspase-1 activation and NLRP3 Suppress GSDMD	140, 280, or 560 mg/kg, 1 hr before MPTP treatment (9 days) intragastric	(Rui et al., 2020)
6-Hydroxydopamine induced Parkinson’s disease-like pathology Adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats	↑ MMP, LC3-II/LC3-I ↓ P62	100 mg/kg every other day (7 days) intraperitoneal	(Chen et al., 2021)
6-Hydroxydopamine induced Parkinson’s disease -like pathology Adult male SD rats	↑ LC3-II/LC3-I Reduce P62	100 mg/kg/day (7 days) intraperitoneally	(Chen et al., 2021)
6-Hydroxydopamine induced Parkinson’s disease -like pathology Adult female SD rats	↓ Number of rotation speeds and neuron apoptosis ↓ Expression levels of AKT, GSK-3β, α-SYN, and mTOR	25 mg/kg (four weeks) intragastrically	(Zhai et al., 2019)
Rotenone-induced Parkinson’s disease -like pathology Male C57BL/6J mice	↓ IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-12p70 ↑ BDNF/TrkB/CREB pathway	300 mg/kg (4 weeks) orally	(Zhao et al., 2021)