Fig 3. No change in performance on the 0- to 2-back tasks or on the neurocognitive tests with hydroxyurea treatment.

Reaction time (A), balanced accuracy (B), commission errors (C), and omission errors (D) of the 0-, 1-, and 2-back tasks were measured pre-treatment and at 1-year follow-up. Neurocognitive tests (E) were also measured at both time points. When compared across the hydroxyurea (HU) and non-HU control groups at the 1-year follow-up time point, the balanced accuracy and commission errors of the 0-back task significantly differed. Red and gray bold lines represent the means of the HU and the non-HU control groups, respectively. Light red and light gray markers represent individual data points in the HU and the non-HU control groups, respectively. * p < .05 (Wilcoxon rank-sum test) and # p < .05 (Wilcoxon signed-rank test).