Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of 32 patients with staghorn stones treated with Flexible ureteroscopy and TFL lithotripsy
| Parameter | No (%) |
|---|---|
| Age (mean± SD) | 41.7±9.3 |
| Hypertension (yes) | 13 (40.6%) |
| Diabetes Mellitus (yes) | 9 (28%) |
| ASA Score (II, III) | 16 (50%) |
| Body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) (median, range) | 27.6 (19–41) |
| Stone former (yes) | 13 (40.6%) |
| Previous stone surgery (yes) | 6 (18.75%) |
| Preoperative ureteric stent (yes) | 8 (25%) |
| Cause of preoperative stent | |
| Tight ureter | 6 |
| Obstructive uropathy / pain | 2 |
| Preoperative serum creatinine (mg/dl) (median, range) | 0.95 (0.8–1.08) |
| Preoperative eGFR (ml/min) (median, range) | 87 (43–100) |
| Postoperative eGFR (ml/min) (median, range) | 91.5 (49–100) |
| Preoperative Hb (gm/dl) (mean± SD) | 14.4±1.5 |
| Postoperative Hb (gm/dl) (mean± SD) | 14.3±1.4 |
| Hb deficit (gm/dl) (median, range) | 0.2 (-1.0-1.3) |
| Laterality | |
| Right | 13 (40.6%) |
| Left | 19 (59.4%) |
| Stone location | |
| Renal pelvis | 32 (100%) |
| Upper calyx | 10 (31.3%) |
| Middle calyx | 21 (65.6%) |
| Lower calyx | 28 (87.5%) |
| Stone Morphology | |
| Partial staghorn (renal pelvis and 1 calyx) | 10 (31.25%) |
| Partial staghorn (renal pelvis and 2 calyces) | 14 (43.75%) |
| Complete staghorn | 8 (25%) |
| Secondary calyceal stones (yes) | 6 (18.75%) |
| Stone width (mm) (median, range) | 22.2 (19.2–32.8) |
| Stone length (mm) (median, range) | 20 (12–60) |
| Stone volume (mm3) (median, range) | 7339 (3183–53,838) |
| Stone density (HU) (mean± SD) | 1004 ± 342 |
| Stone density | |
| < 1000 | 13 (40.6%) |
| ≥ 1000 | 19 (59.4%) |
| Chemical composition (available in 23 patients) | |
| Calcium oxalate | 10 |
| Uric acid | 6 |
| Calcium phosphate | 1 |
| Calcium oxalate + uric acid | 5 |
| Calcium oxalate + Ca phosphate | 1 |