Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis by eliminating damaged or unnecessary cells. The ability of cells to evade apoptosis can contribute to conditions such as cancer. Mechanisms of evasion include anoikis, mitochondrial DNA depletion, c-FLIP, ESCRT, mitotic slippage, anastasis, and blebbishield formation.

Anoikis is crucial in cellular survival and metastasis, triggered by cell detachment or aberrant adhesion.

Mitochondrial DNA depletion is linked to cellular dysfunction and various diseases, including cancer.

The c-FLIP protein family, particularly CFLAR, regulates apoptosis and cellular death processes.

The ESCRT complex helps cells escape apoptosis by repairing damages through exocytosis, particularly by increasing intracellular Ca2+.

Antimitotic agents induce mitotic arrest but can lead to mitotic slippage, creating tetraploid cells.

Anastasis allows cells to escape apoptosis by resurrecting after various triggers.

Blebbishield formation aids in apoptosis suppression indirectly in cancer stem cells.

Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted therapies for diseases where apoptosis regulation is compromised, considering variations among cancer types and disease contexts.