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. 2024 Jun 14;11:1400513. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1400513

Table 2.

Description of diet during pregnancy.

Macro/micronutrients Daily intake 2nd trimester Daily intake 3rd trimester p-value*
p50 (p25, p75) p50 (p25, p75)
Energy (kcal) 2135.3 (1685.5, 2759.9) 2385.2 (1836.1, 2992.1) < 0.001
Macro Nutrients
Carbohydrates (g) 293.5 (231.5, 383.6) 335.1 (253.2, 440.7) < 0.001
Carbs % of energy 56.4 (49.8, 63) 56.3 (49.9, 64.5) 0.449
Fiber(g) 23.1 (16.8, 33.4) 26.7 (18.9, 35.4) 0.002
Total Sugar(g) 125.1 (90, 164.9) 145 (101.8, 193.1) < 0.001
Total sugar (%) 23.43 (21.35, 23.89) 24.31 (22.17, 25.8) 0.38
Proteins(g) 71.3 (53.7, 96.5) 78.5 (58.9, 107.3) 0.005
Protein % of energy 13.1 (11.1, 15.8) 13.3 (10.9, 15.8) 0.783
Total Fats (g) 74 (51.8, 101.9) 81 (58.7, 117.7) 0.009
Fat % of energy 31.3 (26.2, 37.2) 31.2 (26.2, 37.3) < 0.001
Saturated Fats (g) 29.1 (19.7, 41.1) 30.9 (21.1, 44.4) 0.055
Saturated Fats (%) 12.26 (10.51, 13.4) 11.65 (10.34, 13.35) 0.01
Micronutrients
Total Iron(mg) 57.5 (16.4, 82.2) 49.8 (19.7, 83.7) 0.508
Iron Hem(mg) 0.61 (0.26, 1.2) 0.75 (0.4, 1.4) 0.018
Iron no-Hem(mg) 12.7 (8.6, 19.7) 15.4 (10.4, 21.7) < 0.001
Folate DFE (mcg) 555.7 (376.7, 828.5) 661 (462.8, 1065.8) < 0.001
B6 Vitamin (mg) 2.2 (1.4, 4.4) 3.2 (1.7, 5.5) < 0.001
B12 Vitamin (mcg) 4.7 (2.4, 8.1) 6 (3.1, 10.2) 0.003
Vitamin C (mg) 191.8 (96.6, 350.2) 207 (129.6, 336.7) 0.053
Calcium (mg) 1230.5 (927.1, 658.3) 1287.9 (937.2, 1897.2) 0.086
Potassium (mg) 2,950 (2178.9, 3907.5) 3310.9 (2342.1, 4547.5) < 0.001
Sodium (mg) 2885.4 (2007.8, 3885.1) 3158.3 (2083.9, 4,638) < 0.001

*Statistical differences were determined using the Wilcoxon test.