Figure 3.

Effects of maternal helminth infection on maternal and newborn VitD and Ca²⁺ levels and the transplacental transfer. (A) maternal VitD according to the 5 main groups; (B) cord VitD according to the 5 main groups; (C) cord /maternal VitD ratio level within the 5 main groups; (D) maternal Ca²⁺ level within the 5 main groups; (E) cord Ca²⁺ level within the 5 main groups; (F) cord/maternal Ca²⁺ level within the 5 main groups. n (maternal N/I) = 137; n (maternal Sh +) = 55; n (maternal STH +) = 11; n (maternal Sh + OI +) = 23; (maternal OI +) = 11; n (cord NI) = 137; n (cord Sh +) = 55; n (cord STH +) = 11; n (cord Sh + OI) = 23; (cord OI +) = 11. VitD concentration Insufficiency: < 30 ng/mL, Ca²⁺ concentration Insufficiency: < 2,2 mmol/L. Data are shown with median and interquartile range. P values are for Mann–Whitney test. P value: * =  < 0,05; ** =  < 0,01; *** =  < 0,001; **** =  < 0,0001.