Table 3.
Heterogeneity, horizontal pleiotropy, and MR-PRESSO tests of the associations between PM2.5 and obesity and its related indicators.
| Outcomes | Pleiotropy test | Heterogeneity test | MR-PRESSO | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MR-Egger | MR-Egger | Inverse-variance weighted | Global test | |||||||
| Intercept | SE | p | Q-value | Q-df | Q-pval | Q-value | Q-df | Q-pval | p value | |
| Obesity | 0.044 | 0.032 | 0.239 | 2.294 | 4 | 0.682 | 4.204 | 5 | 0.520 | 0.563 |
| VAT | 0.001 | 0.010 | 0.905 | 1.799 | 4 | 0.773 | 1.816 | 5 | 0.874 | 0.899 |
| ASAT | 0.005 | 0.013 | 0.727 | 5.689 | 4 | 0.224 | 5.888 | 5 | 0.317 | 0.349 |
| Pancreas fat | 0.007 | 0.013 | 0.581 | 1.423 | 4 | 0.840 | 1.783 | 5 | 0.878 | 0.908 |
| Triglycerides | −0.002 | 0.014 | 0.885 | 3.236 | 2 | 0.198 | 3.280 | 3 | 0.350 | 0.428 |
| HbA1c | 0.018 | 0.011 | 0.198 | 1.913 | 4 | 0.752 | 4.627 | 5 | 0.463 | 0.483 |
| FGF21 | −0.030 | 0.032 | 0.385 | 2.037 | 5 | 0.844 | 2.942 | 6 | 0.816 | 0.870 |
PM2.5, particulate matter 2.5; VAT, visceral adipose tissue volume; ASAT, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue volume; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; FGF21, fibroblast growth factor 21 levels; MR-PRESSO, Mendelian randomization pleiotropy residual sum and outlier; Q-value, the statistics of Cochran’s Q test; SE, standard error.