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. 2024 May 13;3(2):176–206. doi: 10.1002/mlf2.12112

Table 3.

The conditions for predicting the impact of CC on Fusarium mycotoxin contamination.

Mycotoxin Crop Critical period Increased danger Decreased danger Ref.
FUMs Maize
  • (1)
    4 to 10 days before silking
RAIN >2 mma

TMIN < 15 °Cb,

TMAX > 34 °C

[91]
  • (2)
    From 4 days before silking to 2 days after silking
TMAX > 34°C
  • (3)
    2 to 8 days after silking
TMAX > 34°C

RAIN >2 mm,

TMIN < 15 °C

  • (4)
    8 to 14 days after silking
RAIN >2 mm
DON Wheat
  • (1)
    4 to 7 days before heading
RAIN >5 mm TMIN < 10 °C [92]
  • (2)
    3 to 6 days after heading
RAIN >3 mm TMAX > 32 °C
  • (3)
    7 to 10 days after heading
RAIN >3 mm
ZEA Wheat Flowering period The higher cumulative precipitation and average temperature [93]
Rice
  • (1)
    Flowering period
The higher average temperature and humidity [94]
  • (2)
    Harvest period
The higher daily temperature changes
a

The risk of Fusarium mycotoxin contamination will increase with the number of days experiencing rainfall exceeding 2 mm. bThe risk of Fusarium mycotoxin contamination will decrease with the number of days when the minimum temperature is below 15 °C.