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. 2024 Jun 13;13:e55216. doi: 10.2196/55216

Table 2.

Brief descriptions of measures for the daily diary surveys organized by construct for the Nuestros Días (“our days”): the daily experiences of Hispanic and Latinx dementia caregivers study.

Construct Measure Description
Caregiving-related stress BSDa [25,26] 20 items reflecting different domains of BSD (restlessness, mood, memory, care resistance, hallucinations and delusions, verbal and physical aggression, disinhibition, repetition, safety) and the perceived stressfulness of each symptom reported on a 5-point Likert scale. Items were adapted from several established instruments because they represent the diversity of types of symptoms rather than overarching conceptual constructs.
Noncaregiving related stress Daily stress inventory [53] Adapted scale includes 7 items measuring daily stressors.
Coping strategies Brief-COPE Inventoryb [32] Fourteen items that measure self-distraction, active coping, denial, substance use, use of emotional support, use of instrumental support, behavioral disengagement, venting, positive reframing, planning, humor, acceptance, religion, and self-blame (α=0.83-0.91).
Social support Social support scale [54] Adapted scale includes 11 items measuring daily social support and resources (emotional support, instrumental support, and informational support).
Social isolation PROMIS social isolation scale SFc [33,34] Four items measuring perceptions of social isolation.
Discrimination Everyday discrimination scale [41] Nine-item scale measuring experiences of racism and discrimination (α=0.88).
Depression symptoms PROMIS emotional distress—depression scale SFc [33] Four items measuring common symptoms associated with depression.
Anxiety symptoms PROMIS emotional distress—anxiety scale SFc [33] Four items measuring common symptoms associated with anxiety.
Suicidality Paykel suicide scale [55] Adapted scale includes 5 items measuring daily suicidal ideation.
Social media use habits N/Ad Six items assessing daily use of social media, including platforms used, preferred platform, time spent on social media, and passive and active social media use behaviors.
Social comparison N/A Two items based on previous literature [56] that assess social comparison when using social media and feelings experienced afterward.

aBSD: behavioral symptoms of dementia.

bCOPE: coping orientation to problems experienced

cSF: short form.

dN/A: not applicable.