Table 4. Different Types of Early Antibiotic Exposure and Neonatal Outcomes Among Infants With Low Risk of Early-Onset Sepsis.
| Outcomesc | Early antibiotic exposure, No./No. (%) (N = 6510) | Model 1, aOR (95% CI)a | Model 2, aOR (95% CI)b | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| None (n = 1324) | Narrow-spectrum (n = 888) | Broad-spectrum (n = 4098) | Narrow-spectrum vs none | Broad-spectrum vs none | Narrow-spectrum vs none | Broad-spectrum vs none | |
| Moderate to severe BPD or death | 208/1324 (15.7) | 168/888 (18.9) | 1200/4098 (29.3) | 1.19 (0.93-1.51) | 1.86 (1.55-2.23) | 0.98 (0.75-1.27) | 1.27 (1.04-1.55) |
| Moderate to severe BPD in survivors at 36 wk PMA | 192/1276 (15.1) | 149/870 (17.1) | 1067/3969 (26.9) | 1.12 (0.87-1.44) | 1.75 (1.46-2.11) | 0.94 (0.71-1.22) | 1.24 (1.01-1.52) |
| Death prior to 3 wk PMA | 13/1324 (1.0) | 18/888 (2.0) | 129/4098 (3.2) | 2.02 (0.93-4.36) | 2.54 (1.35-4.78) | 1.61 (0.72-3.61) | 1.75 (0.88-3.45) |
| Death before hospital discharge | 19/1324 (1.4) | 20/888 (2.3) | 150/4098 (3.7) | 1.61 (0.80-3.24) | 2.29 (1.32-3.97) | 1.33 (0.65-2.75) | 1.60 (0.89-2.87) |
Abbreviations: aOR, adjusted odds ratio; BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia; PMA, postmenstrual age.
a
Adjusted for gestational age, birthweight, small for gestational age, sex, multiple pregnancy, maternal age, gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia or eclampsia, antenatal corticosteroids use, and magnesium sulfate use.
b
Adjusted for same variables as model 1 plus Apgar score, intubation in delivery room, treatment with surfactant, nitric oxide, patent ductus arteriosus requiring pharmacological treatment, and mechanical ventilation treatment in 7 days after birth.
c
Logistic regression models were used to analyze the categorical variables.