Table 3.
Comparison of baseline characteristics between AE+ and AE– groups*
| Characteristics | BCOS (n = 118) | AE– (n = 50) | AE+ (n = 68) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years |
66 (59–71) |
66 (58–73) |
66 (61–71) |
0.924 |
| Male, n (%) |
88 (74.6) |
38 (76.0) |
50 (73.5) |
0.761 |
| BMI (kg/m2) |
21.30 (19.50–23.50) |
22.20 (20.60–23.90) |
20.80 (18.70–23.20) |
0.019 |
| Previous/current smokers, n (%) |
74 (62.7) |
31 (62.0) |
43 (63.2) |
0.891 |
| Smocking pack-years |
20 (0–40) |
20 (0–40) |
20 (0–40) |
0.944 |
| First diagnosis before 50 y old, n (%) |
7 (5.9) |
3 (6.0) |
4 (5.9) |
0.979 |
| Hospitalisation days |
10 (8–11) |
10 (7–12) |
9 (8–11) |
0.893 |
| Times of exacerbations in the past 12 mo |
1 (1–2) |
1 (1–1) |
1 (1–2) |
0.005 |
| CAT score for admission |
21 (17–25) |
21 (16–25) |
21 (18–26) |
0.512 |
| mMRC dyspnoea grade for admission |
2 (2–3) |
2 (2–3) |
3 (2–3) |
0.030 |
| Improvements in CAT score |
8 (4–12) |
7 (3–12) |
8 (5–12) |
0.615 |
| Improvements in mMRC dyspnoea grade |
1 (0–1) |
0 (0–1) |
1 (0–1) |
0.258 |
| CAT score for discharge |
14 (8–17) |
14 (10–16) |
13 (8–18) |
0.444 |
| mMRC dyspnoea grade for discharge |
2 (1–2) |
2 (1–2) |
2 (1–2) |
0.954 |
| FEV1% predicted |
34. 20 (26.40–45.00) |
33.00 (25.40–47.80) |
34.50 (26.40–44.70) |
0.825 |
| FVC (L) |
1.94 (1.50–2.38) |
2.28 (1.80–2.45) |
1.89 (1.45–2.10) |
0.009 |
| FEV1/FVC |
46.00 (34.00–61.00) |
42.90 (35.20–65.90) |
49.90 (31.00–60.70) |
0.609 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
|
Hypertension
|
35 (29.7) |
15 (30.0) |
20 (29.4) |
0.945 |
|
Diabetes mellitus
|
13 (11.0) |
5 (10.0) |
8 (11.8) |
0.762 |
|
Obsolete pulmonary tuberculosis
|
31 (26.3) |
12 (24.0) |
19 (27.9) |
0.631 |
|
Active pulmonary tuberculosis
|
4 (3.4) |
1 (2.0) |
3 (4.4) |
0.474 |
|
Coronary artery disease
|
18 (15.3) |
9 (18.0) |
9 (13.2) |
0.477 |
|
Arrhythmia
|
7 (5.9) |
3 (6.0) |
4 (5.9) |
0.979 |
|
Pulmonary heart disease
|
16 (13.6) |
3 (6.0) |
13 (19.1) |
0.040 |
| Medication |
|
|
|
|
|
Inhalation of bronchodilators
|
88 (74.6) |
32 (64.0) |
56 (82.4) |
0.024 |
|
ICS
|
58 (49.2) |
24 (48.0) |
34 (50.0) |
0.830 |
| Systemic hormone | 11 (9.3) | 7 (14.0) | 4 (5.9) | 0.134 |
AE – acute exacerbation, AE+ – acute exacerbation occurred during the follow-up period, AE– – no acute exacerbation occurred during the follow-up period, BCOS – bronchiectasis-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome, BMI – body mass index, CAT – chronic obstructive pulmonary disease assessment test, FEV1 – forced expiratory volume in one second, FVC – forced vital capacity, ICS – inhaled corticosteroids, IQR – interquartile range, MD – median, mMRC – modified Medical Research Council
*Presented as MD (IQR) unless specified otherwise.