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. 2024 Jun 14;15:1422836. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1422836

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Copyright © 2024 Nhamoyebonde, Chambers, Ndlovu, Karim, Mazibuko, Mhlane, Madziwa, Moosa, Moodley, Hoque and Leslie

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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TB associated with high neutrophil abundance in sputum. (A) Flow gating strategy for identifying cell sub-sets within fresh sputum samples. Each of the main subsets was sorted using a FACS ARIA cell sorter and sorted cells spun on to microscope slides using a cytospin for visual confirmation of appropriate morphology, as shown. (B) The relative abundance of CD66b+ neutrophils, CD3+ T-cells, CD206+ alveolar macrophages and CD14+ monocytes. Significant differences indicated by p-values, by Kruskal-Wallis test. (C). A summary of the average cellular make of sputum samples from TB+HIV-, TB+HIV+ and TB and HIV uninfected controls. (D) Phenotypic characteristics of sputum neutrophils compared to NDN and LDN from matched blood samples from Non-TB Non-HIV infected controls, significant difference shown by p-value (Kruskal-Wallis).