Table 1.
Baseline of patients between two groups
|
|
Before matching
|
After matching
|
||||
|
Heparin-free group (n = 421)
|
Heparin group (n = 967)
|
P value
|
Heparin-free group (n = 213)
|
Heparin group (n = 213)
|
P value
|
|
| Gender (male/female) | 243/178 | 507/409 | 0.069 | 133/80 | 122/91 | 0.277 |
| Age (yr) | 56.70 ± 14.88 | 58.10 ± 14.46 | 0.100 | 56.00 ± 14.90 | 57.58 ± 15.58 | 0.274 |
| Height (cm) | 169.20 ± 8.82 | 168.30 ± 8.57 | 0.080 | 170.00 ± 9.09 | 169.50 ± 9.10 | 0.551 |
| Weight (kg) | 68.10 ± 14.55 | 66.30 ± 13.28 | 0.820 | 69.00 ± 14.36 | 68.81 ± 14.03 | 0.870 |
| Malignant tumor (Yes/No) | 119 (28.3%) | 421 (43.5%) | 0.000 | 55 (25.8%) | 74 (34.7%) | 0.045 |
| Laparoscopic (Yes/No) | 379 (90.0%) | 802 (82.9%) | 0.001 | 206 (96.7%) | 198 (93%) | 0.080 |
| Smoking (Yes/No) | 50 (11.9%) | 100 (10.3%) | 0.397 | 38 (17.8%) | 39 (18.3%) | 0.900 |
| Ethnicity (white/not white) | 296 (70.3%) | 625 (64.6%) | 0.040 | 146 (68.5%) | 161 (75.6%) | 0.105 |
| Hypertension (Yes/No) | 190 (45.1%) | 231 (54.9%) | 0.787 | 94 (44.1%) | 97 (45.5%) | 0.770 |
| PVTT (Yes/No) | 21 (5.0%) | 37 (3.8%) | 0.320 | 12 (5.6%) | 14 (6.6%) | 0.686 |
| Diabetes (Yes/No) | 5 (1.2%) | 61 (6.3%) | 0.000 | 1 (0.5%) | 2 (0.9%) | 0.562 |
| Cirrhosis (Yes/No) | 81 (19.2%) | 137 (14.2%) | 0.017 | 56 (26.3%) | 50 (23.5%) | 0.501 |
| Portal hypertension (Yes/No) | 61 (14.5%) | 75 (7.8%) | 0.000 | 40 (18.8%) | 25 (11.7%) | 0.043 |
| COPD (Yes/No) | 25 (5.9%) | 45 (4.7%) | 0.315 | 14 (6.6%) | 10 (4.7%) | 0.401 |
| CKD (Yes/No) | 39 (9.3%) | 40 (4.1%) | 0.000 | 23 (10.8%) | 19 (8.9%) | 0.516 |
| Transfusion (Yes/No) | 83 (19.7%) | 92 (9.5%) | 0.000 | 48 (22.5%) | 44 (20.7%) | 0.638 |
| Laboratory tests | ||||||
| TBIL (mg/mL) | 1.1 [0.5, 3.9] | 0.9 [0.5, 1.8] | 0.002 | 1.3 [0.5, 4.7] | 1.1 [0.6, 3.8] | 0.808 |
| AST (U/L) | 65 [33, 158] | 116 [53, 277] | 0.000 | 68.0 [35.0, 186.5] | 89.0 [44.0, 240.0] | 0.704 |
| ALT (U/L) | 54 [27, 158] | 101 [43, 237] | 0.000 | 55.0 [28.0, 168.5] | 76.0 [30.0, 210.5] | 0.847 |
| LDH (U/L) | 263.0 [192.0, 405.0] | 272.0 [198.8, 403.5] | 0.882 | 274.0 [199.5, 437.5] | 288.0 [201.0, 440.5] | 0.487 |
| ALB (g/dL) | 3.4 [2.8, 3.8] | 3.3 [2.9, 3.7] | 0.724 | 3.4 [2.8, 3.8] | 3.2 [2.8, 3.7] | 0.639 |
| Cr (mg/dL) | 0.9 [0.7, 1.3] | 1 [1.0, 1.0] | 0.000 | 0.9 [0.7, 1.4] | 1.0 [0.7, 1.4] | 0.901 |
| BUN (mg/dL) | 16 [11, 28] | 14 [11, 20] | 0.000 | 18 [12, 31] | 16 [11, 26] | 0.629 |
| GFR (mg/dL) | 16 [11, 28] | 14 [11, 20] | 0.000 | 18 [12, 31] | 16 [11, 26] | 0.629 |
| WBC (K/μL) | 7.3 [5.0, 10.0] | 10.0 [7.0, 14.0] | 0.000 | 6.9 [4.7, 9.7] | 8.1 [5.0, 12.3] | 0.241 |
| PLT (K/μL) | 177 [113, 261] | 205 [145, 266] | 0.001 | 160.0 [96.0, 235.5] | 187.0 [117.5, 245.0] | 0.054 |
| INR | 1.2 [1.1, 1.6] | 1.2 [1.1, 1.4] | 0.000 | 1.2 [1.1, 1.6] | 1.3 [1.1, 1.6] | 0.408 |
| PT (s) | 13.6 [12.1, 18.1] | 13.4 [12.2, 15.3] | 0.000 | 13.5 [11.9, 17.8] | 14.2 [12.4, 17.3] | 0.436 |
| APTT (s) | 32 [28.1, 38.7] | 29.9 [27.2, 33.9] | 0.004 | 31.6 [28.2, 37.3] | 31.0 [27.6, 37.0] | 0.202 |
Variables are shown as “mean (SD)” or “median [IQR]”. Comparisons were made by unpaired student’s test, chi-square test or Mann-Whitney test according to their distribution before propensity score matching (PSM), while paired student’s test, paired chi-square test or Mann-Whitney test are then used after PSM. The bold indicates statistical significance. PVTT: Portal vein tumor thrombus; PSM: Propensity score matching; COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; RBC: Red blood cell; TBIL: Total bilirubin; AST: Aspartate transaminase; ALT: Alanine transaminase; LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase; ALB: Albumin; Cr: Serum creatinine; BUN: Blood urea nitrogen; GFR: Glomerular filtration rate; WBC: White blood cell; INR: International normalized ratio; PLT: Platelets; PT: Prothrombin time; APTT: Activated partial thromboplastin time.