Table 1.

Description of participants across cases: demography, recruitment channel, and format of the user testing.

		Participants
Case 1
	Target group (inclusion criteria)	Unemployed or dropped out of school Aged 18-29 y Living in Rogaland, Norway Speaking Norwegian
	Recruitment channel	Invitation via NAVa or IPSb program Self-signup on website or via SMS text messaging or mail
	Participants	12 participants aged 18-27 y; 7 females, 5 malesc; 2 from ethnic minority groups (immigrant or BIPOCd)
	Format user test	3 in-person sessions 9 remote of which 3 Discord, 5 Zoom, 1 other (Whereby); 2 used mobile phone device to connect to Zoom
Case 2
	Target group (inclusion criteria)	Unemployed or dropped out of school Aged 18-29 y Living in Rogaland, Norway Speaking Norwegian
	Recruitment channel	Invitation via NAV or IPS program Self-signup on website or via SMS text messaging or email
	Participants	13 participants Aged 18-29 y; 6 female, 7 malec; 1 ethnic minority group (immigrant or BIPOC)
	Format user test	0 in person (not possible) 13 remote of which 12 Zoom, 1 other (Teams), and 1 used a mobile device to connect to Zoom but switched to computer during session
Case 3
	Target group (inclusion criteria)	Parent or caregiver of a child aged 6 mo-3 y Aged >18 y Self-reported economic hardship
	Recruitment channel	Expression of interest list
	Number of participants	12 participants Average age 30 (range 26-36) y; 10 female, 2 male; 9 Australian, 1 Aboriginal Torres Strait Islander, 1 Indian, 1 Cambodian
	Format user test	12 Zoom 10 used mobile phone devices to connect to Zoom

^aNAV: Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration.

^bIPS: Individual Placement and Support program.

^cOn the basis of observation, not self-reported.

^dBIPOC: Black, indigenous, and people of color.