FIG. 4.

Inhibition of virus infectivity by various GAGs. RSV A2 or cp-52 or measles virus (100 TCID₅₀) was incubated with BVL heparin (●), LMW heparin (□), de-N-sulfated heparin (■), or chondroitin sulfate (○) for 1.5 h at 37°C before being added to cells. The infection was allowed to progress for 72 h (A2 and measles virus), after which the cells were fixed and subjected to RSV- or measles virus-specific ELISA. Absorbance values at 405 nm were converted to percentages, and infectivity was then plotted as percentage of that of a mock-treated control. Due to poor detection by ELISA, cp-52 infections were stopped at 6 days postinfection and the cells were fixed and stained with 1% crystal violet. Plaques were counted, and percentages were determined versus a mock-treated control. Representative data are from separate experiments and represent the mean ± 1 standard error of the mean. For A2 and cp-52, the data are from single experiments of at least four separate experiments with similar results. Measles virus inhibition was conducted in parallel with A2 and cp-52, and data represent a single experiment from at least two separate experiments with similar results.