Table 3.
Chemical composition, predicted and observed antibacterial activity of commercially available essential oils.
| Plant species | Major compounds identified (%) * | Probability | Activity (MIC) † | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thymus vulgaris | Thymol (60.7), p-Cymene (17.7), Carvacrol (5.2) | 0.764 | Active (0.5) | 26 |
| Trachyspermum ammi | Thymol (70.8), γ-Terpinene (15.5), p-Cymene (11.5) | 0.758 | Active (0.5) | 26 |
| Origanum compactum | Carvacrol (47.2), Thymol (16.2), γ-Terpinene (16.0) | 0.728 | Active (0.5) | 26 |
| Santalum album | Valerianol (22.8), 7-epi-α-Eudesmol (11.6), 10-epi-γ-Eudesmol (9.3), Elemol (8.5) | 0.707 | Active (1) | – |
| Zingiber officinale | α-Zingiberene (33.0), β-Sesquiphellandrene (13.8), ar-Curcumene (8.4) | 0.685 | Inactive (> 4) | 26 |
| Thujopsis dolabrata | Thujopsene (49.4), Cedrol (5.8), β-Bisabolene (4.2) | 0.681 | Active (0.5) | 26 |
| Cedrelopsis grevei | Ishwarane (31.6), β-Elemene (6.5), Guaia-6,9-diene (6.5) | 0.669 | Active (1) | 26 |
| Daucus carota var. sativus | Carotol (38.3), α-Pinene (13.8), Sabinene (7.9) | 0.661 | Inactive (2.5) | – |
| Cinnamomum verum | Cinnamaldehyde (59.1), Cinnamyl acetate (7.2), β-Caryophyllene (7.1) | 0.655 | Active (0.5) | 26 |
| Leptospermum petersonii | Geranial (38.5), Neral (31.9), Geraniol (8.4) | 0.645 | Active (1) | 26 |
| Cymbopogon citratus | Geranial (33.1), Neral (29.0), Citronellal (21.7) | 0.532 | Active (0.8) | 26 |
| Myroxylon balsamum var. pereirae | Benzyl benzoate (51.2), Benzyl cinnamate (32.2), Cinnamic acid (5.8) | 0.483 | Inactive (> 4) | 26 |
*Values in parentheses are the percentage of the total peak area obtained from the total ion current chromatogram. † The values in parentheses are the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs in mg/mL) obtained by the antibacterial assay. The detailed chemical profile determined via GC/MS analysis is presented in Supplementary Table S10 and a previous report26.