Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of participants according to SII quartile.
| Characteristics | Overall | SII quartile | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 (<281.1) | Q2(281.1–413.6) | Q3 (413.7–552.5) | Q4 (>552.5) | |||
| Age (year) | 53.0 ± 8.3 | 52.9 ± 9.1 | 52.8 ± 7.5 | 53.2 ± 8.6 | 53.2 ± 7.9 | 0.253 |
| Male, n(%) | 435 (52.4) | 108 (52.2) | 105 (50.5) | 101 (48.6) | 121 (58.5) | 0.205 |
| Duration (year) | 5.3 ± 3.2 | 5.4 ± 3.5 | 5.2 ± 2.9 | 5.1 ± 3.2 | 5.4 ± 3.0 | 0.659 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.5 ± 3.0 | 22.3 ± 2.4 | 23.6 ± 2.1 | 25.3 ± 2.0 | 27.0 ± 3.1 | <0.001 |
| WC (cm) | 85.8 ± 7.0 | 80.8 ± 4.6 | 83.3 ± 4.3 | 87.4 ± 5.6 | 91.8 ± 7.3 | <0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 133.9 ± 17.5 | 129.8 ± 13.0 | 127.9 ± 14.5 | 137.5 ± 10.9 | 140.6 ± 16.3 | <0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 82.1 ± 6.7 | 77.4 ± 6.8 | 78.3 ± 7.8 | 84.8 ± 10.4 | 88.1 ± 6.9 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.7 ± 1.1 | 8.5 ± 1.0 | 8.7 ± 0.9 | 8.7 ± 1.5 | 8.9 ± 0.9 | 0.089 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 2.18 ± 1.36 | 1.97 ± 1.45 | 2.26 ± 0.98 | 2.37 ± 1.48 | 2.12 ± 1.34 | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.19 ± 1.20 | 4.87 ± 1.23 | 5.24 ± 1.13 | 5.28 ± 1.17 | 5.39 ± 1.16 | <0.001 |
| HDL-c (mmol/L) | 1.11 ± 0.25 | 1.17 ± 0.23 | 1.18 ± 0.17 | 1.08 ± 0.10 | 0.97 ± 0.11 | <0.001 |
| LDL-c (mmol/L) | 3.57 ± 0.95 | 3.30 ± 0.96 | 3.63 ± 0.88 | 3.70 ± 0.98 | 3.65 ± 0.94 | <0.001 |
| UA (umol/L) | 354 ± 87 | 324 ± 70 | 330 ± 72 | 376 ± 79 | 385 ± 87 | <0.001 |
| Creatinine (umol/L) | 70.2 ± 13.2 | 70.4 ± 13.2 | 70.7 ± 12.5 | 69.3 ± 13.9 | 70.8 ± 13.0 | 0.639 |
| ALT (IU/L) | 33.9 ± 8.7 | 33.8 ± 9.0 | 34.0 ± 8.4 | 33.4 ± 8.5 | 34.3 ± 8.9 | 0.814 |
| AST (IU/L) | 31.8 ± 6.3 | 31.2 ± 5.6 | 32.4 ± 5.2 | 31.8 ± 6.1 | 31.7 ± 5.2 | 0.764 |
| HOMA-IR | 5.37 ± 2.72 | 4.65 ± 2.44 | 4.67 ± 2.26 | 5.86 ± 2.22 | 6.32 ± 2.51 | <0.001 |
| Drinking, n(%) | 260 (31.3) | 68 (32.9) | 64 (30.8) | 66 (31.7) | 62 (30.0) | 0.929 |
| Smoking, n(%) | 273 (32.9) | 73 (35.3) | 66 (31.7) | 64 (30.8) | 70 (33.8) | 0.763 |
| cIMT (mm) | 0.96 ± 0.17 | 0.81 ± 0.16 | 0.90 ± 0.14 | 1.02 ± 0.11 | 1.10 ± 0.14 | <0.001 |
| CTL-S | 1.05 ± 0.23 | 1.21 ± 0.18 | 1.15 ± 0.22 | 0.96 ± 0.14 | 0.85 ± 0.17 | <0.001 |
| MAFLD, n(%) | 392 (47.2) | 65 (31.4) | 81 (38.9) | 114 (54.8) | 132 (63.8) | <0.001 |
| SCAS, n(%) | 518 (62.4) | 94 (45.4) | 114 (54.8) | 141 (67.8) | 169 (81.6) | <0.001 |
BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; HbA1c, Glycated hemoglobin; UA, uric acid; TG, triglyceride; TC, total cholesterol; HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HOMR-IR, homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance; cIMT, carotid intima-media thickness; MAFLD, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease; SCAS, Sub-clinical carotid atherosclerosis; SII, systemic immune-inflammation index.