Table 3.
Linear regression of children’s DSD trajectory groups and WISC-IV scores at 6 and 10 years of age (stratified analysis by maternal education).
| High School or Below | Undergraduate | Master’s or Above | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coef. (95% CI) | P | Coef. (95% CI) | P | Coef. (95% CI) | P | |
| 6 years of age | ||||||
| Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient | ||||||
| Typical DSD | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| Infancy excessive DSD | 4.21 (−8.47, 16.88) | .483 | −3.16 (−7.58, 1.26) | .160 | 8.95 (−2.20, 20.09) | .111 |
| Verbal comprehension | ||||||
| Typical DSD | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| Infancy excessive DSD | 7.96 (−4.78, 20.69) | .198 | −1.93 (−6.26, 2.39) | .379 | 6.19 (−4.72, 17.11) | .256 |
| Perceptual reasoning | ||||||
| Typical DSD | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| Infancy excessive DSD | −2.96 (−21.09, 15.17) | .728 | −0.99 (−5.83, 3.85) | .685 | 10.93 (−2.36, 24.23) | .103 |
| Working memory | ||||||
| Typical DSD | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| Infancy excessive DSD | 3.75 (−8.71, 16.21) | .524 | −5.86 (−10.13, −1.60) | .007 | 0.41 (−14.72, 15.54) | .957 |
| Processing speed | ||||||
| Typical DSD | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| Infancy excessive DSD | 4.92 (−7.29, 17.13) | .398 | −1.65 (−6.33, 3.03) | .487 | 6.63 (−3.43, 16.69) | .188 |
| 10 years of age | ||||||
| Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient | ||||||
| Typical DSD | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| Infancy excessive DSD | −6.60 (−18.72, 5.51) | .262 | −5.03 (−10.25, 0.20) | .059 | 1.30 (−10.48, 13.07) | .824 |
| Verbal comprehension | ||||||
| Typical DSD | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| Infancy excessive DSD | 0.81 (−17.49, 19.11) | .926 | −5.82 (−11.31, −0.32) | .038 | 4.06 (−9.50, 17.62) | .546 |
| Perceptual reasoning | ||||||
| Typical DSD | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| Infancy excessive DSD | −16.51 (−25.27, −7.74) | .001 | −1.46 (−6.52, 3.60) | .568 | −2.89 (−14.25, 8.47) | .608 |
| Working memory | ||||||
| Typical DSD | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| Infancy excessive DSD | −0.10 (−9.50, 9.31) | .983 | −5.04 (−9.68, −0.40) | .033 | 5.48 (−7.06, 18.03) | .379 |
| Processing speed | ||||||
| Typical DSD | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | |||
| Infancy excessive DSD | −1.24 (−15.19, 12.71) | .852 | −2.54 (−8.59, 3.51) | .408 | −0.37 (−14.98, 14.24) | .959 |
CI = confidence interval, Coef. = coefficient, DSD = daytime sleep duration, Ref. = reference, WISC-IV = Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, fourth edition.