Table 3. Effect of letrozole alone and in combination with CoQ10 on sperm motility and morphology.
| Sperm parameters | Group A | Group B | P value A | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | |||
| Progressive motility (%) | Baseline | 16.2 ± 16.4 a | 11.8 ± 13.2 a | 0.198 NS |
| First month | 26.5 ± 19.8 b | 18.8 ± 14.2 b | 0.054 NS | |
| Second month | 29 ± 18.4 bc | 27.3 ± 16.4 c | 0.673 NS | |
| Third month | 27.4 ± 16.3 dc | 30.7 ± 15.7 dc | 0.405 NS | |
| P value B | < 0.001 ** | < 0.001 ** | ||
| Non-progressive motility (%) | Baseline | 12 ± 9.4 a | 12.4 ± 10.6 a | 0.888 NS |
| First month | 12.3 ± 8.4 ab | 14.5 ± 11.2 ab | 0.328 NS | |
| Second month | 13.2 ± 7.7 abc | 14.4 ± 10.1 abc | 0.583 NS | |
| Third month | 15.5 ± 8 dc | 16 ± 10.2 bd | 0.825 NS | |
| P value B | 0.040 * | 0.013 * | ||
| Immotile (%) | Baseline | 66.4 ± 24.6 a | 73.4 ± 19.7 a | 0.172 NS |
| First month | 62.7 ± 21 ab | 66.4 ± 18.3 b | 0.408 NS | |
| Second month | 57.9 ± 20.6 ac | 58.5 ± 18.8 c | 0.900 NS | |
| Third month | 57.7 ± 17.7 ad | 51.3 ± 18.1 d | 0.155 NS | |
| P value B | < 0.001 ** | < 0.001 ** | ||
| Normal morphology (%) | Baseline | 1.6 ± 2.28 a | 2.1 ± 1.79 a | 0.363 NS |
| First month | 2.5 ± 2.27 b | 2.6 ± 2.26 ab | 0.940 NS | |
| Second month | 3.4 ± 2.54 c | 4.4 ± 4.47 c | 0.252 NS | |
| Third month | 3.7 ± 2.51 d | 5.5 ± 5.13 d | 0.040 * | |
| P value B | < 0.001 ** | < 0.001 ** | ||
Data presented as mean ± SD.
A
t-test used to test statistical differences between 2 groups (Horizontally).
B
One-way repeated measures ANOVA was used for comparison. Different letters indicate significant difference (a vs. b <0.05, a vs. c <0.05, a vs. d <0.05, b vs. c <0.05, b vs. d <0.05, c vs. d <0.05). NS: No significant changes (p≥0.05).
*
significant changes (p<0.05).
**
highly significant changes (p<0.01). CoQ10, coenzyme Q10.