Fig 2.

Average gluten concentrations (ppm) in feces of volunteers belonging to probiotic (n = 50; orange color bar) and placebo (n = 20; blue color bar) groups. Sampling points at the x-axis correspond to baseline (T0), 10 days of GFD (T1), 4 days of 50 mg/day gluten intake (T2), 4 days of 1 g/day gluten intake (T3), 4 days of 3 g/day gluten intake (T4), and 20 days of 10 g/day gluten intake (T5) of which the 10 last days were the wash-out (T6). Differences between the groups for each time point were estimated by the non-parametric Mann–Whitney test (exact P < 0.0001). The data are the means of two independent analyses ± standard deviations (n = 2) per sample.