Fig 3.

Alpha diversity metrics of probiotic and placebo groups. Pairwise Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare means of placebo and probiotic groups (P < 0.05). (A) Observed operational taxonomic unit (OTU) counts and richness measures (Chao1, Shannon, Simpson, and Fisher) between volunteers, who received probiotic or placebo treatment, divided by time points: baseline (T0), 10 days of GFD (T1), 4 days of 50 mg/day gluten intake (T2), 4 days of 1 g/day gluten intake (T3), 4 days of 3 g/day gluten intake (T4), and 20 days of 10 g/day gluten intake (T5), of which the last 10 days were the wash-out (T6). (B) Alpha diversity indexes and respective significance values of merged termporal results per treatment group exluding T0.