Fig. 3.

Subjective assessment tools. N.B. GEARS Global Assessment of Robotic Skills, OSATS Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skill, NASA TLX Task Load Index, GOALS Global Operative Assessment of Laparoscopic Skills, R-OSATS Robotic—Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skill, ESS Epworth Sleepiness Scale, NOTSS Non-Technical Skills for Surgeons, RACE Robotic Anastomosis Competence Evaluation, RSME Rating Scale for Mental Effort, SURG-TLX Task Load Index, PACE Prostatectomy Assessment and Competency Evaluation, ARCS Assessment of Robotic Console Skills, SARMS Structured Assessment of Robotic Microsurgical Skills, DSSQ Dundee Stress State Questionnaire, MFSI-SF Multidimensional Fatigue Symptom Inventory—Short Form, RO-SCORE Ottawa Surgical Competency Operating Room Evaluation, CROMS Clinically Relevant Objective Metrics of Simulators, NPMTS Numeric Psychomotor Test Score, NTSRS Non-Technical Skills in Robotic Surgery Score, ICARS Interpersonal and Cognitive Assessment for Robotic Surgery