Table 2.
Summary of reinforcement procedures and results attained during the descriptive synthesis
| Authors (Publication Year) | Teaching Procedures (# of participants) | Results (Most Favorable & # of Participants) | Within-Subject Replication (# of participants) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reinforcer Class | Conditions Evaluated | Parameter | Onset of DR | Condition | Parameter/Onset | Replication Attempted | Results Replicated | |
| Olenick & Pear (1980) | Edibles (3) |
No DR (3), DR 1 (3), DR 3 (3) |
Sch. (3) | NR (3) | DR 1 (3) | N/A / N/A | No (3) | N/A (3) |
| Touchette & Howard (1984) | Tokens & Praise (3) |
No DR (3), DR 1 (3), DR 3 (3) |
Sch. (3) | NR (3) |
DR 1 (2), DR 1, No DR, DR 3 equal (1) |
N/A / N/A | No (3) | N/A (3) |
| Karsten & Carr (2009) | Edibles & Praise (2) | No DR (2), DR 1 (2) | Qual. (2) | Imm. (2) | DR 1 (2) | N/A / N/A | Yes (2) |
Partial (1), No (1) |
| Cividini-Motta & Ahearn (2013) | Tokens & Praise (3), Edibles & Praise (1) |
No DR (4), DR 1 (4), DR 2 (4) |
Qual. (4) | Imm. (4) |
DR 1 (3), DR 2 (1) |
N/A / N/A | Partial (4) | Yes (4) |
| Hausman et al. (2014) | Edibles & Praise (3) |
No DR (3), DR 1 Qual (3), DR 1 Sch. (3) |
Sch. (3), Qual. (3) | NR (3) | DR 1 (3) |
Qual. (2), Sch. (1)/ N/A |
Partial (2), No (1) |
Yes (2), N/A (1) |
| Boudreau et al. (2015) | Edibles & Praise (3) | No DR (3), DR 1 Qual. (3), DR 1 Mag. (3) | Qual. (3), Mag. (3) | Imm. (3) |
DR 1 (2), No DR (1) |
Qual. (1), Mag. (1)/ N/A | No (3) | N/A (3) |
| Paden & Kodak (2015) | Edible & Praise (4) |
No DR (4), DR 1 Qual. small mag. (4), DR 1 Qual. larger mag. (4) |
Qual. & Mag. (4) | Delayed (4) | DR 1 large edible (2), DR 1 small edible (2) | No (4) | N/A (4) | |
| Johnson et al. (2017) | Edibles & Praise (3) | No DR (3), DR 1 Qual. (3), DR 1 Mag. (3), DR 1 Sch. (3) | Qual. (3), Mag. (3), Sch. (3) | NR (3) |
DR 1 (2), No DR (1) |
Qual. (2), Qual. & Sch. Equal (1) | Yes (3) | Partial (3) |
| Campanaro et al. (2020) | Edibles & Praise (3) | No DR (3), DR 1 Qual. (3), DR 1 Mag. (3), DR1 Sch. (3) | Qual. (3), Mag. (3), Sch. (3) | Imm., early, delayed (3) | DR 1 (3) | Sch. (2), Qual. & Mag. equal (1) / Imm. (2), Imm. & Early Equal (1) | Partial (3) |
Yes (2), Partial (1) |
| Cariveau & La Cruz Montilla (2021) | Toys & praise (3) | No DR (1), DR 1 Qual. & Onset (3) | Qual. (3) | Imm., early (3) |
N/A (2) No DR (1) |
N/A / Early (1), Imm. (1), Early & Imm. Equal (1) |
Yes (1), No (2) | No (1), N/A (2) |
NR = Not reported; N/A = Not applicable; Qual. = quality; Sch. = schedule; Mag. = Magnitude; Imm. = immediate