Fig. 3. Late-night sleep deprivation leads to greater reduction in REM sleep connectome.

a Demonstrates that the DMN-DMN connectivity in the late-deprivation group was the lowest among the groups. b Illustrates that the VIS-SUB connectivity in the late-sleep group was significantly higher than in the early-deprivation group and late-deprivation group. c Diagrams for six connections indicating significant group differences in the DMN-DMN network. d Displays diagrams for eight connections indicating significant group differences in the VIS-SUB network. **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. ns. Not Significant. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM.