Table 1.
Spatiotemporal and histological analyses regarding swallowing in different experimental groups.
| Groups | Videofluoroscopic examination of swallowing | Tissue | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-surgery | Post-surgery (weeks) | Mean TP thickness (mm) | Mean CP thickness (mm) | |||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |||||
| Bilateral section (n = 3) | Pharyngeal area (mm2) | 3.11 ± 0.20 | 8.22 ± 0.64** | 9.55 ± 0.62** | 10.0 ± 0.92** | 10.0 ± 1.21** | 0.55 ± 0.03* | 0.64 ± 0.03 |
| Esophageal area (mm2) | 98.1 ± 10.8 | 68.0 ± 4.98 | 81.6 ± 6.26 | 82.5 ± 4.64 | 86.8 ± 4.26 | |||
| Pharyngeal transit duration (s) | 0.13 ± 0.01 | 0.24 ± 0.03 | 0.21 ± 0.01** | 0.21 ± 0.01** | 0.21 ± 0.01** | |||
| Unilateral section (n = 3) | Pharyngeal area (mm2) | 4.38 ± 0.47 | 7.15 ± 1.40** | 7.37 ± 1.10** | 7.12 ± 0.88** | 7.05 ± 0.99** | 0.63 ± 0.04 | 0.64 ± 0.03 |
| Esophageal area (mm2) | 90.2 ± 4.51 | 60.0 ± 5.76* | 63.4 ± 11.1* | 65.8 ± 7.67 | 69.0 ± 8.46 | |||
| Pharyngeal transit duration (s) | 0.13 ± 0.01 | 0.18 ± 0.01 | 0.19 ± 0.01* | 0.18 ± 0.00* | 0.18 ± 0.01* | |||
| Sham (n = 2) | Pharyngeal area (mm2) | 3.27 ± 0.08 | 3.26 ± 0.28 | 3.09 ± 0.32 | 3.24 ± 0.15 | 3.47 ± 0.11 | 0.77 ± 0.00 | 0.64 ± 0.02 |
| Esophageal area (mm2) | 80.5 ± 3.91 | 76.5 ± 5.73 | 76.0 ± 6.76 | 77.0 ± 3.76 | 81.5 ± 2.88 | |||
| Pharyngeal transit duration (s) | 0.13 ± 0.00 | 0.13 ± 0.00 | 0.13 ± 0.00 | 0.14 ± 0.00 | 0.13 ± 0.00 | |||
| Control (n = 2) | Pharyngeal area (mm2) | 3.23 ± 0.03 | 3.41 ± 0.16 | 3.21 ± 0.09 | 3.34 ± 0.11 | 3.39 ± 0.03 | 0.79 ± 0.03 | 0.71 ± 0.00 |
| Esophageal area (mm2) | 81.5 ± 2.21 | 78.5 ± 0.78 | 82.0 ± 1.16 | 79.3 ± 2.28 | 81.1 ± 0.22 | |||
| Pharyngeal transit duration (s) | 0.14 ± 0.00 | 0.14 ± 0.01 | 0.14 ± 0.00 | 0.14 ± 0.00 | 0.14 ± 0.00 | |||
This table presents the results of spatiotemporal analyses of videofluoroscopic examination of swallowing and histological analyses, indicating the pre-and post-surgery values of the pharyngeal, esophageal areas, and the pharyngeal transit duration in different experimental groups. The experimental groups include those with bilateral and unilateral sectioning of the pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve (bilateral and unilateral section groups), a sham-operated group (sham group), and a control group. The mean thickness of the thyropharyngeal (TP) and cricopharyngeal (CP) muscles for all groups is also noted. The data for the control group are shown in accordance with the respective time course of the study.
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.