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. 2024 Jun 19;15:1393746. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1393746

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

Hz50 of isolated EDL muscle. Values for Hz50, a contractile index related to calcium homeostasis indicating the frequency at which 50% of maximal isometric specific tetanic force (sP0) is produced, measured in extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles isolated from ADULT, AGED + vehicle, AGED + branched-chain amino acids (AGED + BCAAs), AGED + branched-chain amino acids +2 L-alanine (AGED + BCAAs + 2ALA), and AGED + branched-chain amino acids + L-alanyl-L-alanine (AGED + BCAAs + Di-ALA). All values are expressed as mean ± SEM from a number of 6/8 mice in each group. A statistically significant difference was found by unpaired Student’s t-test for AGED + vehicle vs. ADULT mice (p < 0.03). A statistically significant difference among AGED mice groups was found by one-way ANOVA (F = 8.9, p = 0.0003). Dunnett’s post hoc test, used to compare each mixture-treated group to the vehicle group, is as follows: °vs. AGED + vehicle (0.0002 < p < 0.03). The recovery score toward the ADULT value, calculated for each treated group, is indicated above the bars.