Table 1.

Outcomes and timeline

Assessments	Screening visit	Baseline visit	Midpoint visit (26/27 weeks)	Year 1 visit	Year 2 visit (follow-up)	Year 3 visit (follow-up)	Year 4 visit (follow-up) endpoint
Lab tests
OGTT test	X				X	X	X
Height, weight and blood pressure measurements	X	X	X	X	X	X	X
Bio-sample collection: buccal swab, saliva, and stool samples		X		X			X
BIA		X		X	X	X	X
Fasting blood draw		X	X	X	X	X	X
Questionnaires
Demographics	X			X
GDM and family history of diabetes	X
Spouse and child health	X			X
Lifestyle and dietary	X			X
Diabetes awareness	X			X
14-day e-Diary recording		X	X	X	X	X	X
SF-36		X	X	X	X	X	X
STAI		X	X	X	X	X	X
BDI-II		X	X	X	X	X	X
CERQ		X	X	X	X	X	X
MEQ		X	X	X	X	X	X
PSQI		X	X	X	X	X	X
SHS		X	X	X	X	X	X
HLQ		X	X	X	X	X	X
PSS-4		X	X	X	X	X	X
WHO-5		X	X	X	X	X	X
Child-related questionnaires
BISQ-R-SF		X		X
CSHQ		X		X
StimQ toddler/preschool		X		X	X	X	X
ASQ-3		X		X	X	X	X
BRIEF-2		X		X	X	X	X
BASC-3-BESS Parent Form		X		X	X	X	X
Questionnaires administrated within the LvLUP App (intervention group only)
PHQ-4		x	x
IPAQ-SF		x	x
MFFQ		x	x

OGTT 2-h 75 g oral glucose tolerance test, BIA Bioelectrical impedance analysis, SF-36 short-form health survey, STAI The Stare-Trait Anxiety Inventory, BDI-II Beck Depression Inventory, CERQ Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, MEQ Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, PSQI The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, SHS Subjective Happiness Scale, HLQ Health Literacy Questionnaire, PSS-4 Perceived Stress Scale 4, WHO-5 World Health Organization Wellbeing Index, BISQ-R-SF Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire-Revised Short Form, CSHQ Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire, StimQ toddler/preschool Cognitive Home Environment Questionnaire, ASQ-3 Ages & Stages Questionnaires-3, BRIEF-2 Behaviour Rating Inventory of Execute Functions-2, BASC-3-BESS Parent Form Behavioral and Emotional Screening System, PHQ-4 Patient Health Questionnaire, IPAQ-SF The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form, MFFQ Modified Food Frequency Questionnaire