Table 2.

Screens survey variables overview

(i) Socio-demographics: Age, ethnicity, marital status, highest level education, nationality, residency status, occupation, number of children, accommodation type, total monthly household income

(ii) GDM and family history of diabetes: First diagnosis of GDM, last diagnosis of GDM, total of GDM diagnosis, number of births, number of babies, mode of delivery, preterm delivery, insulin during pregnancy, medication during pregnancy, medication to treat GDM, maternal complications, neonatal complications, breastfeeding

(iii) Medical history: Past and current medical conditions or surgeries, paternal medical history, maternal medical history, siblings’ medical history

(iv) Lifestyle: What is considered a healthy lifestyle, barriers to achieving a healthier lifestyle, coping strategies during stress, following specific diet(s), reasons for choosing the diet(s), alcohol consumption, tobacco consumption, eating habits, physical activity, sleep patterns, stress level, changes in lifestyle in the past 3 months, planning to make changes in any lifestyle behaviours in the future, use of activity tracking wearable, use of lifestyle mobile interventions, currently joining a fitness or wellness program

(v) Dietary: Dietary habits, oil/fat used for cooking, consumption of coffee/tea or other beverages, rice, fish, red meat, pork, chicken, salt, soya, and vegetables

(vi) Diabetes awareness: knowledge about diabetes, GDM, its causes and risks, last time checked blood sugar level, HbA1c test, fasting, 2-h OGTT

(vii) Paternal demographics and health: Age, ethnicity, highest level of education, nationality, residency status, occupation, overall height, overall weight, paternal medical history, maternal medical history, siblings’ medical history

(viii) Child demographics and health: Age, ethnicity, sex, weight at birth, height at birth, head circumference, education level, medical condition(s), preterm birth, hospitalizations