Fig. 1.

a CONSORT flow chart of Study 1. In Study 1, the Self-Vid group first had to complete a self-assessment (T0), then had to perform the self-study and was tested afterwards, followed by a second self-assessment (T1). After seven days, the group watched the instructional video, was tested, and had to repeat the self-assessment for the third time (T2). The Vid-Self group first completed a self-assessment (T0) and then watched the instructional video, followed by the test and the second self-assessment (T1). After seven days, the group performed the self-study, was tested, and then, the self-assessment was repeated for the last time (T2). b CONSORT flow chart of Study 2. In Study 2, both groups had to complete a self-assessment, and then the instructional video and self-study were conducted in immediate succession according to group assignment. After that, a self-assessment was performed again