Table 1.
Cohort characteristics and plasma biomarkers levels
| NC | DLB | AD | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n total = 207 | n = 27 | n = 104 | n = 76 | P-value |
| Age, year | 61.3 [10.0] | 71.2 [11.4] | 72.1 [11.8] | < 0.001 a |
| Sex, male | 41% (11) | 59% (61) | 41% (31) | 0.037 b |
| APOE ɛ4 carriership | 32% (8/25) | 39% (31/79) | 68% (47/69) | < 0.001 b |
| MMSE | 28.5 [3.00] | 25.0 [5.75] | 19.0 [5.50] | < 0.001 a |
| Level of education, year | 15.0 [5.00] | 11.0 [6.00] | 11.0 [6.00] | 0.002 a |
| CSF biomarkers, ATN | < 0.001 a | |||
| Available (n) | 100% (27) | 87% (90) | 100% (76) | |
| A-T- | 100% (27) | 59% (53) | 0% (0) | |
| A + T- | 0% (0) | 17% (15) | 3% (2) | |
| A + T+ | 0% (0) | 12% (11) | 97% (74) | |
| A-T+ | 0% (0) | 12% (11) | 0% (0) | |
| Plasma biomarkers | ||||
| Plasma Aβ40/Aβ42 ratio | 0.0646 [0.0140] | 0.0589 [0.0181] | 0.0534 [0.0154] | < 0.001 |
| Plasma GFAP, pg/mL | 59.4 [35.3] | 107 [81.5] | 157 [112] | < 0.001 |
| Plasma NfL, pg/mL | 17.2 [7.95] | 21.5 [14.0] | 25.3 [12.7] | < 0.001 |
| Plasma p-tau181, pg/mL | 1.62 [0.788] | 2.03 [1.52] | 3.81 [1.79] | < 0.001 |
| Plasma sTREM2, pg/mL | 444 [274] | 629 [397] | 518 [415] | 0.029 |
| Plasma YKL-40, ng/mL | 73.7 [75.3] | 87.7 [103] | 79.2 [62.4] | 0.091 |
Continuous variables are presented as median [IQR] and categorical data as number (%)
aAge, MMSE scores, and level of education were compared between groups using the Kruskall-Wallis test. bAPOE ɛ4 carriership frequency and ATN profiles were compared between groups using Chi2 test. In-between groups comparison of plasma biomarker levels was performed using one-way ANCOVA adjusted on age and sex
Abbreviations: AD, Alzheimer’s disease; APOE, apolipoprotein E, CSF, cerebrospinal fluid, DLB, dementia with Lewy bodies; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; NC, neurological controls; MMSE, mini-mental state examination; NfL, neurofilament light chain; p-tau181, tau phosphorylated at serine 181; sTREM2, soluble triggering receptor expressed myeloid cells 2